Brain injury (traumatic brain injury, cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, post-operative brain tumor, post-craniotomy) can result in various brain dysfunctions, such as consciousness disorder, mental disorder, memory disorder, thought orientation disorder, emotional disorder, language disorder, swallowing disorder, limb movement disorder, body balance disorders, urinary and fecal disorders, etc. These dysfunctions are related to the location and extent of brain injury. It is currently believed that adult brain cells (neurons) cannot be regenerated, i.e., existing medical methods cannot yet promote the regeneration of damaged and necrotic neurons. So why is it that brain function can be restored to varying degrees through proper rehabilitation? Medical rehabilitation of brain function is essentially a process of promoting the repair of “damaged but not dead” brain cells and the adaptive change or compensatory activation of cells in other brain areas around the lesion through various medical methods to form alternative functions. This is a gradual process, which can be accelerated and maximized with systematic and comprehensive rehabilitation measures.