At present, only a few large hospitals in China have oral and maxillofacial surgery to provide patients with the conditions for specialized treatment, but unfortunately many patients do not understand the scope of oral and maxillofacial surgery, resulting in many diseases not receiving specialized treatment. What exactly is oral and maxillofacial surgery? What diseases does oral and maxillofacial surgery specialize in? Oral and maxillofacial surgery is a discipline that focuses on the surgical treatment of oral organs (teeth, alveolar bone, lips, cheeks, tongue, palate, pharynx, etc.), facial soft tissues, maxillofacial bones (maxilla, mandible, zygomatic arch, etc.), temporomandibular joint, salivary glands (parotid gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland, etc.) and certain related diseases of the neck. The main content of the discipline is prevention and treatment of certain diseases of the neck. Oral and maxillofacial surgery specifically includes dental and alveolar surgery, pre-prosthetic surgery, various temporomandibular joint diseases (tumors, inflammation, etc.), head and neck tumor surgery (including various benign and malignant tumors of the oral cavity, face and certain related tumors of the neck), facial and trigeminal nerve diseases, various maxillofacial injuries (soft tissue injuries and fractures), salivary gland diseases (tumors, inflammation, etc.), maxillofacial inflammation (lymphadenitis, osteomyelitis and interstitial infections of the jaws). Osteomyelitis and interstitial infection), maxillofacial surgery and microsurgery (including congenital deformities and defects of the maxillofacial area such as cleft lip and cleft palate, and acquired deformities and defects of the maxillofacial area that require plastic surgery for various reasons), etc. Oral and maxillofacial surgery has dual attributes. On the one hand, in order to prevent and treat oral and maxillofacial diseases, oral and maxillofacial surgery and oral medicine, orthodontics, prosthodontics and other related disciplines can not be separated; on the other hand, because of its own surgical properties, and general surgery, plastic surgery, surgical oncology and internal medicine, pediatrics, etc. have common characteristics and correlation. Therefore, it can be considered that oral and maxillofacial surgery is not only an important part of dentistry, but also an important branch of clinical medicine.