(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific use only. To protect patient privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed.) Abstract: Patient Gao, 61 years old, came to our hospital due to perennial resolution of jelly-like stools with intermittent right lower abdominal cramps. After imaging, he was diagnosed with rectal tumor. After detailed communication with the patient about his condition, a transanal sphincter pathway rectal segmental resection was performed, and the final pathological results suggested rectal choroidal adenoma. The patient recovered well after the operation, and there was no sign of tumor recurrence or metastasis on follow-up. [Basic information] Male, 61 years old [Disease type] Rectal choriomeningocele [Hospital] The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University [Date of consultation] March 2021 [Treatment plan] Surgical treatment (transanal sphincter pathway rectal segmental resection) + medication (cefuroxime sodium for injection) [Treatment period] 5 days of admission, 2 months of follow-up [Treatment effect] Two months of postoperative follow-up, the patient The incision healed well and there was no sign of tumor recurrence or metastasis by imaging examination. According to his description, the patient started to have jelly-like stools repeatedly several years ago, and the frequency was very low in the early stage, not even a few times a year. 2 years ago, he visited a local clinic and was diagnosed with multiple rectal polyps, and no pathological examination was performed after the anal polypectomy. Shortly after the operation, the patient developed jelly-like stools again, and was not treated again. In the last year, the frequency increased significantly, and the volume increased significantly compared with that before the operation, and was accompanied by intermittent right lower abdominal cramps, which were progressively worse and unbearable, so he came to the clinic. After further questioning, we learned that the jelly-like stool solved by the patient had no obvious cause, the volume was small, transparent and jelly-like, and appeared before or after the stool, and there was no blood in the stool or black stool during the course of the disease. Rectal finger examination revealed a soft annular nodule within the anal verge of the patient, the upper edge of which was not touched with the fingertip and there was no bleeding. MRI showed a soft, tip-shaped mass in the rectum, and fiberoptic colonoscopy revealed an intraluminal papillary nodule with a lobulated surface in the mucosa of the patient’s anal margin. The patient was then admitted to the hospital. (MRI sequence showed a soft, tip-shaped mass in the rectum) (papillary nodule bulging into the lumen with a lobulated surface) II. After high-quality bowel cleansing, a transanal sphincter pathway rectal segmental resection was performed. After incising the external anal sphincter and pelvic floor muscle, the gap between the pelvic floor muscle and the rectum was separated from the two sides to the middle, and it was united at the anterior wall of the rectum, and continued to be free up and down. The lesion was retained for pathological examination, and the diagnosis was confirmed as rectal villous adenoma, part of which had become cancerous, and the lesion invaded the mucosal layer but did not involve the submucosal layer, and the specimen had negative margins. Postoperatively, cefuroxime sodium for injection was given for anti-infection treatment. III. Treatment effect After surgery, the tumor was completely resected. After postoperative anti-infection treatment, the patient had no secondary infections, rectal fistula and other complications. After 5 days of admission, the patient’s bowel movement returned to normal, abdominal pain disappeared, and the patient felt well recovered, so the patient was discharged. 2 months later, the patient’s incision healed well, and there was no sign of tumor recurrence or metastasis by imaging examination, and the patient and his family expressed satisfaction with the treatment effect. 1. We are glad that the patient’s abdominal pain disappeared after treatment, but it is recommended that the patient should be reviewed once a month for the first six months after discharge. If any abnormal bowel movement, abdominal pain and other uncomfortable symptoms occur again during the follow-up period, the patient should immediately consult a doctor for examination to avoid delaying the diagnosis and treatment of the disease, and if the disease is stable after six months, it can be changed to a review every six months or once a year according to the situation; 2. It is recommended that soft, easily digestible foods should be the mainstay of the diet to avoid a high-fat diet that will add burden to the patient’s intestinal tract. In principle, once detected, it should be completely removed through surgery as soon as possible. The patient in this article did not seek medical treatment in time after the appearance of symptoms, which led to the delay of the disease for many years and the development of cancer, resulting in the need to remove a large section of the rectum. Therefore, once you find abnormal bowel movements and other digestive symptoms, you should seek medical attention promptly and not be careless. For the resection of rectal villous adenoma, the correct treatment of muscle severance, repair and complete and thorough removal of the tumor is the key to the success of the operation.