The survival time of hemolytic anemia in children is related to the type and severity of the hemolysis and should be analyzed on a case-by-case basis. If the anemia is induced by an infection, the child’s hemolytic anemia can usually be cured once the infection is under control. If the anemia is caused by a genetic problem resulting in glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency in the red blood cells, commonly known as fava bean disease, it can usually survive for a long time if fava beans or other similar substances can be avoided. In the case of hereditary spherocytosis, it can usually be treated with surgical treatment of spleen excision. Thalassemia major is more difficult to treat and has a potentially poor prognosis. Refractory immune hemolysis may also have a poor prognosis. Once the manifestations of hemolytic anemia, such as hematuria and jaundice, are detected, the patient should immediately visit the pediatric department or hematology department of the hospital for early diagnosis and treatment, early treatment of treatable causes, and regular follow-up.