Trigeminal neuralgia is known as the “world’s first pain”, which brings serious difficulties to patients’ life, study and work. Patients describe this pain as a lightning-like, knife-like pain on one side of the face, which is often unbearable. Because many patients often mistake this pain for pressure pain, they mistakenly choose to visit the dentist, and finally after a series of tooth extraction, root canal treatment, taking painkillers, etc., the symptoms not only do not get better, but also get worse. So, how to effectively identify toothache and trigeminal neuralgia? A simple way is to take carbamazepine to see if the pain is relieved, if the pain is relieved, then this is trigeminal neuralgia. What is the most effective treatment for trigeminal neuralgia? First of all, we have to clarify the diagnosis, combined with the typical clinical manifestations plus magnetic resonance examination can basically confirm the diagnosis, magnetic resonance shows that the bridge cerebellar area vascular and nerve compression is relatively close. Therefore, the ultimate treatment is to open the compressed blood vessels and nerves, which is the recommended and curative treatment method: microvascular decompression, the efficiency of which can reach more than 95%. According to the statistics of our department, there is only one case where the postoperative relief was not obvious. What exactly are the treatment options for trigeminal neuralgia? For many patients, the first choice is conservative treatment, that is, taking carbamazepine, but as time goes by, the amount of medication used by the patient will gradually increase, and in the end the symptoms cannot be controlled even with medication. Some patients may choose another treatment option, namely trigeminal ganglion dissection. This treatment is relatively noninvasive but only provides relief for about 2 years at most. And eventually patients have to opt for microvascular decompression. At present, China has launched the Chinese expert consensus on trigeminal neuralgia, and it is still recommended for patients with trigeminal neuralgia to choose microvascular decompression, because the earlier the surgery is performed, the higher the efficiency.