Bronchiectasis is not a disease, but a phenomenon of abnormal dilatation of bronchial structures caused by multiple causes, so it is not called a disease but a condition in medical science. The clinical manifestations are cough, purulent sputum, hemoptysis, and recurrent infections, and in severe cases, death from respiratory failure may occur. To understand bronchiectasis, it is important to know how the bronchus looks like. The bronchus is called a bronchial tree because its shape resembles a tree in nature. It is indeed structured like a tree upside down in winter. The main trunk of the tree is called the trachea, and then, according to the dichotomy, one branch divides into two branches, the left and right bronchi, and so on through 26 branches before finally connecting to the alveoli. The relationship between the bronchi and the alveoli is like the relationship between the trunk, branches and leaves of a tree. Together with blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, they form the lungs. Wen Peng, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shandong Chest Hospital The bronchi have 27 levels and their main task is to transport the air from the outside world to the alveoli, the oxygen in the air then passes through the alveolar wall and enters the blood circulation, while the carbon dioxide gas in the blood enters the alveoli through the alveolar wall and is then transported out of the body along the bronchi. Therefore, the bronchi can be compared to the human body’s “pipe”, the body metabolism needs oxygen and metabolic carbon dioxide gas are to be transported through this “pipe”. People who have common sense know that if the pipe is not open, the fire of the stove will not flourish, or even go out. If the human body’s “pipe” —- bronchial tube is not open, the body will have a lack of oxygen and carbon dioxide retention, the patient appears chest tightness, shortness of breath, panic, cough, cyanosis and other clinical manifestations. Bronchiectasis is the abnormal expansion of the bronchial structure, which is the thickening of the body’s pipe. Some people may ask, “Isn’t it more usual when the pipe is thicker? In fact, it is not, the thickening is accompanied by the destruction of autoimmune function. Simply put, the human body can’t discharge the phlegm normally, the household hub is not worm-eaten, the water is not corrupted, the retained phlegm invites bacteria to multiply, which leads to repeated infections of the bronchial tubes. Subsequently, there is an accompanying vasodilation and rupture of blood vessels leading to hemoptysis. The patient dies of asphyxia as a result of blockage of the airway due to the large amount of blood that cannot be coughing up in time. What can be done to prevent bronchiectasis? Truth be told, once the bronchial tubes are dilated, it is impossible to return to normal. Therefore, it is most important to prevent the occurrence of bronchiectasis. The key to prevention is to prevent respiratory infections and to cure them as early as possible. Common diseases include: tuberculosis, pneumonia, bronchitis, etc. Especially respiratory infections in pediatrics. How to treat bronchiectasis? Take note of the following points: 1. Prevent colds, which often trigger bronchiectasis infections. 2. If you repeatedly cough up purulent sputum, you should drain in position several times a day (please discuss the appropriate position with your doctor) and pat your back. 3. In case of hemoptysis, make sure to cough up the blood naturally and never hold it in. This is because the blood will soon clot in the airway (like the blood tofu we have seen) and block the airway causing asphyxia. There is very little hemorrhagic shock caused by hemoptysis in medicine. So, remember to always hemoptysis the blood out, do not hold it in ！！！！