Obstructive jaundice is caused by stenosis or inaccessibility of the bile ducts, resulting in bile stasis and failure of the bile to drain normally into the intestine and causing yellowing of the patient’s skin and sclera (i.e., jaundice), which can cause progressive worsening of jaundice if left untreated, leading to rapid failure of liver function and prone to secondary serious infections, gastrointestinal bleeding and renal failure, with a high death rate. Traditional treatment: The preferred treatment is surgery, and the jaundice subsides spontaneously after removing the cause. However, it is not possible for patients with weak constitution, cardiopulmonary insufficiency and those who are too old to tolerate surgery. Interventional treatment: Interventional treatment is an ideal option when surgery is not possible. Under X-ray or B-ultrasound guidance, a 1 mm diameter puncture needle is passed through the skin into the dilated bile duct in the liver, and a guide wire is introduced to send a balloon or stent along the wire to the biliary stricture site to release the biliary stricture. Patients can achieve the purpose of yellowing without surgery and prepare patients for the next step of treatment, which is less painful, minimally invasive, safe, low cost and fast.