Smog is a relatively rare cerebrovascular disease that is caused by chronic progressive narrowing or occlusion of major cerebral arteries due to some congenital or acquired causes, which then leads to compensatory proliferation of the vascular network at the base of the brain, forming a smoke-like abnormal vascular network, hence the name smog. At present, there is no unified understanding of the etiology of smog, and it is not clear. Some scholars have found that some patients show a certain family tendency, and believe that the development of smog may be related to genetic factors, but there is not enough scientific evidence to prove its heredity. Most scholars believe that smog is an acquired cerebrovascular abnormality, but the exact cause is still not well understood. Therefore, there are no effective preventive measures for smog. Smog was first identified by a Japanese medical expert in the 1960s and has since been identified in other countries around the world. The incidence of the disease is higher in Asia than in other countries. In terms of the population, the incidence of smog is mainly concentrated in children under 10 years old and adults around 40 years old, showing a bimodal distribution. The main risk of smog is cerebral ischemia, cerebral infarction, and cerebral hemorrhage, in addition to seizures in some patients, especially in some children. Some scholars have compared the onset of smog disease to a race between the occlusion of major arterial stenosis and the compensatory proliferation of the vascular network at the base of the brain. Chronic progressive stenosis or occlusion of the major arteries of the brain (the end of the internal carotid artery, the anterior cerebral artery, the middle cerebral artery, and sometimes the posterior cerebral artery) inevitably results in poor blood supply, causing cerebral ischemia, and compensatory proliferation of the penetrating arterial network at the base of the skull to relieve this cerebral ischemia, but the rate of this compensatory formation is much lower than the process of stenosis and occlusion of the major arteries, which results in Cerebral ischemia, which can cause acute cerebral infarction in severe cases. The smoke-like vascular network formed at the base of the skull for compensatory purposes is very thin and fragile because of the late abnormal proliferation, and it is very easy to rupture and cause cerebral hemorrhage. Therefore, cerebral ischemia (in severe cases, cerebral infarction) and cerebral hemorrhage are the two main manifestations of smoldering disease. In the past, when medical examinations were not developed, the detection rate of smog was very low, but in recent years, with the development and popularization of medical imaging technology, many local primary care hospitals can also perform imaging examinations related to cerebrovascular disease, so the incidence and detection rate of smog has been on the rise in recent years. DSA, i.e., whole brain angiography, is the gold standard for diagnosing smog, which can objectively and comprehensively reflect the morphology of cerebral blood vessels and provide a reliable basis for diagnosis and later treatment. In addition, CT angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) can also be used as a basis for the diagnosis of smog. From the beginning of the discovery of the disease, the international and domestic medical community has begun to research and explore the treatment of smog disease, and has made great progress and formed more effective treatment tools. It is generally accepted in the medical community that conservative medical treatment of smog is of little significance and that surgical treatment should be performed as soon as it is detected and clearly diagnosed. Currently, combined vascular bypass surgery is a very advanced and effective surgical procedure. Unlike the traditional direct bypass or patching surgery, combined vascular bypass surgery is a composite procedure that combines both the direct bypass and patching procedures in the same surgery. While the direct bypass immediately completes blood flow and rapidly improves cerebral blood supply, multi-factor patching is performed on the brain surface, including the skull periosteum, dura mater, temporalis muscle, middle meningeal artery and other tissues with strong vascular regeneration ability, expanding This expands the factors of patching, induces the formation of new blood vessels, and improves the cerebral blood supply to a larger extent. This is equivalent to adding multiple insurance for the operation, and the efficacy is precise and reliable.