Dizziness, also known as vertigo, is a subjective sensory abnormality. It can be divided into two categories: one is rotational vertigo, which is mostly caused by the dysfunction of vestibular nervous system and cerebellum, with the feeling of tilting as the main cause, feeling that one is swaying or the scene is rotating. The second is general dizziness, which is mostly caused by some systemic diseases, and is mainly caused by the feeling of dizziness and feeling light-headed. Classification and common diseases Dizziness is a common symptom rather than an independent disease. Therefore, we can classify the diseases that cause dizziness so that we can have a deeper understanding of “dizziness”. 1. Rotational vertigo. According to the cause, it can be divided into two categories: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo. (1) Peripheral vertigo: It is the vertigo caused by the lesion of the vagus or vestibular nerve in the inner ear. It is common in Meniere’s disease (once translated as Meniere’s disease), vaginitis, drug-related vertigo (caused by drugs such as streptomycin or gentamicin) and vestibular neuritis, etc. (2) Central vertigo: vertigo caused by lesions of brainstem, cerebellum, brain and spinal cord. It is commonly caused by insufficient blood supply to vertebrobasilar artery, intracranial tumor, intracranial infection, multiple sclerosis, vertigo epilepsy and traumatic vertigo. 2.General vertigo (1)Cardiogenic vertigo: commonly caused by cardiac arrhythmia, cardiac insufficiency, etc. (2) Pulmonary vertigo: It is seen in pulmonary insufficiency caused by various reasons. (3) Ophthalmogenic vertigo: It is commonly caused by refractive error, fundus arteriosclerosis, hemorrhage and ocular muscle paralysis, etc. (4) Blood pressure vertigo: High or low blood pressure can cause vertigo. (5) Others: anemia, cervical spondylosis, acute fever, gastroenteritis, endocrine disorders and neurological disorders can cause dizziness 1. anemia Elderly people who show signs of dizziness, weakness and pallor should go to the hospital to check if they are anemic. Elderly people are prone to anemia if they do not pay attention to nutritional care. In addition, anemia can be secondary to dyspepsia, peptic ulcer, gastrointestinal bleeding, and chronic inflammatory diseases in elderly patients. 2. High blood viscosity High blood lipids and thrombocytosis can cause high blood viscosity and slow blood flow, resulting in adequate blood supply to the brain and easy fatigue, dizziness and weakness. There are many causes of hyperlipidemia, the main one is the usual diet structure and unreasonable. 3, cerebral arteriosclerosis Patients feel dizzy, and often insomnia, tinnitus, emotional instability, forgetfulness, and numbness of the limbs. Cerebral arteriosclerosis makes the inner diameter of blood vessels smaller, and blood flow in the brain decreases, resulting in insufficient blood and oxygen supply to the brain, causing dizziness. 4, cervical spondylosis Often there is tightness in the neck, limited flexibility, occasional pain, numbness and coldness in the fingers, and a feeling of heaviness. Cervical spine hyperplasia squeezes the vertebral artery in the neck, causing insufficient blood supply to the brain, which is the main cause of dizziness caused by this disease. 5, hypertension In addition to dizziness, patients with hypertension are often accompanied by head swelling, panic, irritability, tinnitus, insomnia and other discomforts. 6, heart disease In the early stage of coronary heart disease, some people may feel headache, dizziness, weakness of the limbs, mental concentration is not easy. This is mainly due to atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries of the heart, resulting in insufficient blood supply and causing dizziness. The best solution to dizziness is prevention. The elderly should have regular blood pressure, heart sound, heart rhythm, as well as blood routine, blood lipids, blood viscosity, EEG, cerebral hemogram, neck x-ray and other examinations to prevent the problem before it happens.