Trigeminal neuralgia is a paroxysmal electric shock-like severe pain in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve, lasting from seconds to minutes, with intermittent asymptomatic periods, and can be caused by any stimulation of the mouth or jaw. It can be caused by any irritation in the oral or maxillofacial area. Because of its severe pain during attacks and its tendency to recur after treatment, it has seriously affected people’s lives. There are many methods to treat trigeminal neuralgia, such as drugs, injections, radiofrequency thermal coagulation, surgery, etc., but the treatment effect is not good, mainly because the etiology and pathogenesis of trigeminal neuralgia are not clear. Microvascular compression is the etiology of trigeminal neuralgia, but not the only cause. It is believed that trigeminal neuralgia arises from damage to the trigeminal ganglion or roots, such as vascular compression or inflammation, resulting in a small plexus of neurons in the trigeminal ganglion in a highly excited state, and when any branch of the trigeminal nerve is stimulated, this small plexus of neurons in an excited state is activated, and its impulses can rapidly activate the surrounding neurons, producing a strong release phenomenon that soon exceeds the threshold. A brief period of severe pain is observed. After a short period of autonomic discharge, the activation is reduced by the intrinsic inhibitory processes generated by the rapid discharge and enters a period of inactivity, which is followed by a small stimulus that triggers excitation of the entire group of fibers, causing the pain to persist for several seconds. It has also been shown that in patients with trigeminal neuralgia without vascular compression injury, demyelinating lesions are present and extend along the proximal end of the trigeminal nerve root to the pontocerebral junction, with a high number of protrusions of astrocytes in the demyelinating region and a wide distribution. Although the cause of demyelinating lesion formation is still controversial, it is somewhat recognized that demyelinating lesions of trigeminal nerve fibers are the main pathological changes and etiology of trigeminal neuralgia. Therefore repair of nerve damage is an effective means of treating trigeminal neuralgia.