Premature ejaculation is a common male sexual dysfunction, and the current treatment methods mainly include behavioral therapy (such as sexual concentration training), oral medication, local topical medication, physiotherapy and Chinese medicine treatment. However, the intervention effect of the above clinical treatment has certain difficulties and limitations, and there are problems such as inconvenience, difficulty in adherence or often no good cooperation from sexual partners, and the efficacy also varies greatly depending on the target. Liu Xiaodong, Department of Urology, People’s Hospital of Wuhai, has shown in recent years that penile sensory hypersensitivity or hyperexcitability of penile sensory nerves is one of the causes of premature ejaculation. In 1993, Tullii et al. reported the treatment method of dorsal penile nerve block (excision), and in China, Zhang Chunying carried out this operation in September 2001. In recent years, this procedure has been increasingly used in China, but it is mostly limited to private hospitals. The International Society of Sexual Medicine clearly pointed out in the latest “2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation” that “dorsal penile nerve excision may lead to permanent loss of sexual function and is not recommended for the treatment of premature ejaculation”. However, in China, due to the lack of supervision, a large number of private hospitals are trying to claim that “the operation solves the trouble of premature ejaculation”, using this as a gimmick to solicit patients, and even become the preferred treatment for premature ejaculation patients. In addition to the common complications such as infection, bleeding and incisional splitting, dorsal penile nerve blocking can easily lead to increased complications such as penile numbness and erectile dysfunction (ED) if too many branches of the dorsal penile nerve are cut. In general, partial severance of the dorsal penile nerve branches does not affect erectile function, but it may cause numbness and a marked lack of sensation in the penis, which can diminish the function of reflex erection and affect the erectile function of the penis. Because elderly men themselves are prone to ED, this procedure is not suitable for elderly people or patients with premature ejaculation combined with ED. Problems and controversies In recent years, the treatment of premature ejaculation by dorsal penile nerve block has been reported both at home and abroad, which may have some efficacy, but its safety and long-term effects still need further study. Meanwhile, due to the complex physiological process of the ejaculatory reflex, there are few basic studies related to it, and the detailed mechanism of many links is still unclear, so the theoretical basis of this procedure is not sufficient. In addition, the number and length of nerve branches to be excised and the way of excision have yet to be explored and summarized in the subsequent clinical practice. In view of this, the International Medical Association clearly pointed out in the newly released 2014 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Premature Ejaculation that “dorsal penile nerve excision may lead to permanent loss of sexual function and is not recommended for the treatment of premature ejaculation”. However, in China, due to the lack of supervision, a large number of private hospitals are trying to claim that “the operation solves the trouble of premature ejaculation”, using this as a gimmick to solicit patients, and even become the preferred treatment for premature ejaculation patients. In conclusion, the surgery is invasive, and its effectiveness and specific modalities are still very controversial, and its safety and long-term effectiveness are still uncertain and far from being promoted. Therefore, physicians and patients must be cautious before choosing surgical treatment. My opinion: This surgery is strongly discouraged, and the complications far outweigh the benefits.