The ankle joint is the part of the lower leg that connects to the foot, and is composed of the thicker tibia and relatively small fibula of the lower leg together with the talus on the heel. Almost everyone will have an ankle injury at least once in their lifetime. Ankle injuries can occur for a variety of reasons, starting with their own causes. Fatigue, muscle and ligament degeneration, lack of proper preparation before exercise, etc. Wearing inappropriate shoes can also increase the chance of ankle injury, such as high heels. Ankle sprains can then occur under abnormal external forces if not properly protected. Ankle injuries can be mild or severe, and the mild ones tend to be strains of the ligaments on the outside of the ankle, which are the most common. It is basically caused by extreme inversion of the foot to the medial side and manifests as swelling of the lateral ankle joint. This type of injury can often heal well with conservative treatment. Early mild sprains should also be taken seriously, and it is best to get medical advice and go to the hospital for a radiograph to rule out fracture dislocation and very severe types of ligament damage. Usually in the acute stage the doctor will advise the patient to apply cold compresses to the sprained area, elevate the injured foot as much as possible, apply a compression bandage and immobilize the patient in a cast or brace if necessary. Severe peri-ankle ligament injuries require close attention and regular follow-up visits to the hospital after the acute phase. Some patients with severe ligament injuries have poor ligament healing and are prone to ankle instability if they do not achieve proper strength, which in turn can lead to repeated ankle sprains and consequent ankle degenerative osteoarthritis, along with or secondary to ankle cartilage damage, resulting in chronic pain. For chronic ankle instability, MRI, or magnetic resonance imaging, can more clearly reveal the site of ankle ligament damage. Ankle arthroscopy is a minimally invasive examination and treatment tool that can reveal the extent of cartilage damage in the ankle joint and can also visually determine the extent of ligament damage and treat it minimally invasively. Severe ankle instability often requires early surgical treatment to repair strengthen the damaged ligaments and repair the damaged ankle cartilage. Long-term ankle instability may result in deformity of the ankle joint, which then requires orthopedic osteotomy or artificial ankle joint replacement. If the violence of the injury increases further, usually from a car accident, strenuous sports injury, etc., then the injury may be more violent. This type of injury is very violent and often leads to fractures of the ankle joint, which can be internal or external, or double or even triple ankle fractures, dislocations, comminuted fractures, etc. If the fracture is a very minor crack fracture without any displacement, it can be treated conservatively by fixation in a cast or brace, etc. If the fracture is displaced then surgery is necessary to first reposition the fracture and then fix it with screws and joint plates. Ankle fractures require a very high degree of repositioning and fixation. A small misalignment may lead to poor joint alignment, which in turn may increase the risk of ankle osteoarthritis. Thus, some of the more complex ankle fractures are a serious challenge for the surgeon. Complete healing of ankle fractures and ligament injuries often takes a long time and cooperation with the surgeon during the rehabilitation process is very important.