What are the causes of ringworm? How should it be treated?

  Tinea versicolor is one of the most common diseases seen in daily dermatology clinics and is also one of the most difficult to cure. Sometimes people are embarrassed by itchy toes in the spring and summer, while others suffer from cracked hands and feet in the fall and winter.  It is a shallow fungal infection caused by ringworm that grows on the palms and sides of the hands and feet, between the fingers (toes), on the soles of the feet, and on the heels of the feet, and is somewhat contagious because of the humid and hot climate in spring and summer, especially in the south.  With the widespread use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, hormones and immunosuppressants, the incidence of fungal infections is increasing. In contrast, there are many types of dermatophytes that cause tinea cruris, and the western antifungal drugs that are currently used clinically all have disadvantages such as low efficacy, easy drug resistance, and high toxicity. This is why tinea capitis is often difficult to treat because of its recurrence.  Clinical manifestations and typology of tinea capitis Usually, the onset of tinea capitis increases in spring and summer, with heavy symptoms, mainly papules, blisters, and erosions; in autumn and winter, the symptoms are relieved and reduced, with flaking, thickening, and cracking. It occurs on the palms and sides of the palms of the hands and feet, between the fingers (toes), on the edges of the feet, on the soles of the feet, and on the heels of the feet. According to the performance of lesions can be summarized as three types: 1, papular blister type: mainly manifested as the soles of the feet, palms, finger side appear deep in the size of the rice grain blisters, not easy to rupture, herpes transparent, a few days after absorption, dry. Sometimes due to scratching blisters break and erosion, itching intense.  2, impregnated erosion type: mainly manifested as toe (fingers) between the skin impregnation white, erosion, clear edge, remove the impregnated epidermis leaving a moist bright red new skin.  3, scaly keratinized type: mainly manifested as flaking or hyperkeratosis, blistering and flaking in summer, and painful skin cracking and even bleeding in autumn and winter when dry. Although clinically divided into three types, the three types often exist simultaneously, and one type is more prominent.  TCM understanding of ringworm TCM believes that ringworm is due to external dampness, heat, and insect poison that coalesce on the skin, which leads to papular rashes, small blisters, and maceration. If the dampness and toxicity do not change over time, the Qi and blood do not flow smoothly, and the Yin is injured internally, and the blood is deficient and the wind is dry, so that the skin loses nourishment and becomes flaky, rough and cracked.  It is usually believed that applying Chinese herbal medicine to prevent tinea capitis in summer will often yield twice the result with half the effort. This is because the summer season, commonly known as the “voltaic season”, is the time of the year when the body’s yang energy is at its peak and the pores of the body are open to adapt to the outside temperature. This results in the skin remaining moisturized in the autumn and winter. This can be seen in the treatment of tinea capitis in summer and also prevent the continual transformation or recurrence of tinea capitis in winter, reflecting the preventive medicine characteristic of “winter disease and summer treatment” in our traditional Chinese medicine therapy.  The “experimental formula” for ringworm is popular. 1. Take an appropriate amount of hibiscus skin, snake’s bed seeds, and hundred parts and soak them in 2000 ml of rice vinegar or white vinegar. Place it in a cool place and take the liquid after seven days. Then soak the sick hands and feet for half an hour every day, ten days for a course of treatment.  2.Take one or two of soap horn and pepper into one pound of white vinegar, soak them for one day, then use them to soak the hands and feet, soak them for twenty minutes every night before going to bed, and treat them for seven days.  3.Take patchouli, yellow essence, rhubarb and other appropriate amount into 1 kilogram of rice vinegar for 5-7 days and then take the leaching solution and soak for 1 hour every day. One course of treatment for ten days.  4.Take 100 grams of single herbal medicine, add water to decoction, cool down and add the same amount of vinegar, soak the diseased hands and feet for half an hour every day for two weeks as a course of treatment.