Group A streptococcus is one of the common pathogenic bacteria in clinical practice. Since the course of the infection is relatively fast, patients need to seek medical attention promptly when they develop symptoms such as eye redness, oral mucous membrane congestion, prune tongue, strawberry tongue, etc., as well as to complete relevant tests such as bacterial culture and hemolytic reaction. Clinically, group A streptococcal infections are commonly seen in a variety of diseases such as acute pharyngitis, acute tonsillitis, scarlet fever, and skin and soft tissue infections. Common causes and treatments 1, acute pharyngitis: mainly manifested as pharyngeal discomfort such as dryness, burning, hoarseness, and other pharyngeal discomfort, as well as systemic symptoms such as fever and weakness of limbs. Some patients may also be complicated by serious conditions such as cervical cellulitis and parapharyngeal space abscess. It is necessary to go to the hospital in time and use drugs such as amoxicillin and cefadroxil for antibacterial treatment and drugs such as ibuprofen and acetaminophen for anti-inflammatory and analgesic treatment under the guidance of doctors. 2. Acute tonsillitis: Patients not only have discomfort symptoms such as sore throat, high fever, headache and ear pain, but also have restricted mouth opening, along with neck and submaxillary swelling. Considering that the acute tonsillitis is caused by group A streptococcal infection, patients can use cephalosporin antibiotic drugs to reduce inflammation under the guidance of doctors, while patients with cephalosporin allergy can also be treated with other sensitive antibiotics. In addition, severe patients need to be injected with glucocorticoid drugs such as dexamethasone, hydrocortisone, and methylprednisolone to relieve pharyngeal pain and promote swelling; 3. Scarlet fever: an acute respiratory infection caused mainly by group A streptococcal infection. Patients will have fever, rash, strawberry tongue and other symptoms. Due to the rapid development of the disease, in order to avoid complications such as toxic myocarditis and toxic hepatitis, timely hospital consultation is recommended, and antibiotic drugs such as penicillin, erythromycin and azithromycin are mainly used for clinical treatment; 4. The patient’s superficial skin may show a variety of inflammatory reactions such as blistering, swelling, fever and pain. Clinical antibiotic treatment can be taken according to different etiologies, for example, penicillin treatment is preferred for dermatitis, while magnesium sulfate solution and other wet compresses can also be used to relieve pain and redness symptoms. There are many diseases caused by group A streptococcal infection. In addition to the above common diseases, streptococcal pneumonia, rheumatic fever, acute glomerulonephritis, streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, otitis media, sinusitis, etc. are also related to group A streptococcal infection. The main treatment is antibiotics for antibacterial therapy. Due to the difference in the length of the disease and the severity of the disease, the type, duration and manner of application of antibiotics also vary, and it is recommended to use them under the guidance of a doctor.