Abdominal aortic aneurysms are “time bombs” in the human body, and most patients do not have any symptoms unless the bomb explodes (aneurysm rupture). In clinical practice, patients who have the opportunity to undergo “defusing” surgery before their “bomb explodes” are largely discovered by intentional or unintentional medical examination. Early detection of this “bomb” is the only way to get timely and effective treatment for this type of disease. The screening method is simple and requires only an ultrasound. This is an economical and non-invasive test. So who should be screened for abdominal aortic aneurysms with ultrasound? The U.S. Preventive Medicine Task Force (USPSTF) has published Recommendations for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Screening, which can be considered conclusive guidelines for abdominal aortic aneurysm screening studies. Current recommendations: For men aged 65-75 years with a history of smoking: Depending on the healthiness of their lifestyle the USPSTF recommends a single ultrasound screening every 3-15 years, which can significantly reduce their associated mortality by approximately 42-66%. For men 65-75 years of age with no history of smoking: The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms is approximately 2%, and one-time ultrasound screening may be beneficial in this population, and vascular surgeons should advise patients based on their relevant lifestyle and family risk factors. For women aged 65-75 years with a history of smoking: The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysms is approximately 0.8-2%, and there is no evidence that this population would benefit from screening with ultrasound, and the USPSTF does not provide any recommendations for this population at this time. (However, given the low cost of ultrasound in China, I personally recommend at least one ultrasound screening in this population.) For women 65-75 years of age with no smoking history: The incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm is less than <1%, and the USPSTF does not recommend ultrasound screening in this population given the higher mortality rate of women undergoing abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery compared to men and the potential for excessive surgical intervention.