There is a difference in the etiology between cerebral infarction and vertigo. Cerebral infarction is caused by the interruption of blood supply to the brain due to cerebral vascular occlusion, and the patient develops a series of clinical symptoms, such as dizziness, headache, hemiparesis and numbness of the limbs, which can be detected by CT or MRI of the head. Vertigo includes posterior circulation ischemia, in which the patient experiences short periods of dizziness and episodes of visual rotation due to vascular ischemia in the posterior circulation. It also includes peripheral vertigo, such as Meniere’s syndrome or benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. There are also differences in the treatment of cerebral infarction and vertigo. In cerebral infarction, patients are treated with antiplatelet aggregation, circulation improvement, blood circulation and oxygen free radical scavenging. In vertigo, patients are mainly given anti-dizziness treatment, and if necessary, vestibular inhibitors can be applied together with drugs to improve circulation. The prognosis of cerebral infarction and vertigo is different. Patients with cerebral infarction may be left with symptoms of neurological deficits after acute treatment. In contrast, patients with vertigo will not suffer from neurological deficits after active treatment.