Trigeminal neuralgia is a non-neurological disorder of intractable pain, often flashing, brief and intense pain that appears suddenly without warning. The pain can be as severe as burning, stabbing, cutting or tearing. Patients often press their palms or towels against their faces or rub their faces hard to relieve the pain. Severe cases are accompanied by reflex twitching of the facial muscles, the corners of the mouth are pulled to one side, and there are symptoms such as facial redness, congestion of the conjunctiva, lacrimation and salivation, also known as “painful twitching”. Each seizure lasts only a few seconds to 1-2 minutes and then stops abruptly. The frequency of seizures can be once every few days or once every few minutes. In the trigeminal sensory innervation area (such as above the eyebrow arch, below the orbit, zygomatic area, upper lip, lower lip, etc.), a sudden electric-like, slash-like, tear-like or pinprick-like severe pain occurs, which lasts for several seconds or minutes and then stops. The incidence is high, mostly after the age of 40, more women than men, and the incidence can increase with age.