The uterus is like a pear that hangs upside down from the vagina and consists of smooth muscle, so a tumor growing on the uterus is called a fibroid. The wall of the uterus is divided into 3 layers: the outer layer is called the plasma layer, the middle is called the myometrium layer, and the innermost is called the mucosa layer. All fibroids grow in the myometrium, those growing on the surface of the uterus are subplasma fibroids, those growing inside the uterus are submucosal fibroids, and those growing in the middle are interstitial fibroids, of which interstitial fibroids are the most common, accounting for about 60% to 70% of fibroids, followed by subplasma fibroids and submucosal fibroids. In the clinic, we often meet women with medical checkups, most of whom are asymptomatic but have uterine fibroids found during routine medical checkups and ask if they want to be treated. In fact, this is one-sided. Whether to treat or not depends on the location of the fibroids and whether they cause symptoms. If there are symptoms, even small submucosal fibroids as small as 1 cm in diameter should be treated; if there are no symptoms and the fibroids are small, even if there are many fibroids, they can be observed. What are the symptoms of uterine fibroids? The symptoms of fibroids vary in different locations. Submucosal fibroids or intramural protrusion fibroids, both of which grow into the uterine cavity or protrude into the uterine cavity, changing the shape of the uterine cavity and increasing the area of the endometrium. The cause of menstruation is mainly the shedding and bleeding of the endometrium, so once you have submucosal fibroids, you will have heavy menstrual flow and long periods; normal people change sanitary napkins once or twice a day, while patients with submucosal fibroids need many times. While a normal person’s period does not exceed seven days, her period needs to be more than 10 days or longer, and the long period causes secondary anemia. Interstitial fibroids that grow in the middle of the uterus. It grows neither outward nor into the uterine cavity and is mostly asymptomatic if the myoma is small. Subplasma fibroids that grow outward. Before talking about the plasma myoma, let’s talk about the location of the uterus. Its front neighbor is the bladder, the back neighbor is the rectum, and the ureter is on both sides, so if the myoma grows in the front wall of the uterus, to a certain extent, it will compress the bladder, causing the patient to urinate frequently, and a normal person gets up once or not, but she has to get up three or four times; if the myoma grows in the back wall, to a certain extent, it will compress the rectum, and will often have the urge to stool, always wanting to If the fibroids grow on both sides and press on the ureter, the urine excretion will not be smooth, and the urine that should be excreted will not come out and accumulate in the kidneys, which will cause back pain. There are several conditions that can also cause pain: 1. Acute lower abdominal pain with vomiting, fever and local pressure pain of the tumor can occur when the myoma is red-like during pregnancy or puerperium; 2. When the subplasma myoma is twisted; 3. Abdominal pain can be caused when the submucosal myoma is discharged from the uterine cavity to the outside. Fibroids can also cause infertility or miscarriage. Symptoms vary depending on the location of the fibroid. If symptoms are present and confirmed to be related to fibroids, surgery can be performed to remove the fibroids or hysterectomy depending on the patient’s age and whether she has fertility requirements. Surgery is mostly minimally invasive, and doctors will choose minimally invasive surgical treatment such as laparoscopy or hysteroscopy depending on the location of the fibroids.