What are the signs of ringworm and how to treat it?

  Tinea capitis is an infection caused by dermatophytes invading the fingers, toes, and palm and plantar areas. Tinea pedis is easily contracted by wearing public flip-flops in swimming pools and public bathrooms, and tinea pedis often results from tinea pedis infection. The pathogenic bacteria are mainly Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton spp. and Trichophyton epidermidis, etc. Candida albicans is not uncommon in recent years, and topical application of Cytoxanine is effective.  It can be classified into four types depending on the lesion performance, but it can occur simultaneously or alternately, or one type can be dominant.  1. Tinea pedis (1) Papulosquamous type: The most common type, most often seen between the toes, with papulosquamous lesions that are well-defined. The foot plantar and its lateral edges repeatedly appear as small papules and herpes with varying degrees of inflammatory reaction and itchiness, and the herpes dry up and desquamate, occurring repeatedly, often with desquamation predominating when the condition is stable.  (2) Impregnated vesicles: most common between 4-5 and 3-4 toes, manifesting as interdigital vesicles, impregnation, whitening, intense itching, and secondary bacterial infection.  (3) Hyperkeratosis: Commonly found on the heel, plantar and lateral edges of the foot. It appears as coarse, thick, flaky, dry and cracked. It often occurs in patients with longer disease duration and older age.  2. Tinea capitis Clinical manifestations: roughly the same as tinea pedis, but the typing is not as obvious as for tinea pedis. It starts as blisters and later becomes flaky, rough, and keratinized and thickened. It starts as a small patch and gradually expands into a large area. It is often limited to one side of the hand.  Laboratory tests: A direct microscopic examination of the scales of the skin lesions can confirm the diagnosis with a positive result, and a fungal culture can determine the strain of the fungus.  Treatment of tinea capitis 1. Chinese medicine treatment for tinea capitis Internal medicine is not effective. Topical dermatitis lotion, compound 1 lotion, red sea stone lotion, etc. can be used topically.  2.Western medical treatment for tinea capitis The treatment for different types of tinea capitis varies.  (1) Blister type and impregnated erosion type: Use milder antifungal water and cream; (2) Papular scaling type: Use antifungal water, tincture or cream or ointment; (3) Hyperkeratosis type: Use antifungal tincture with strong exfoliating effect first, then cream; (4) Oral antifungal medication can be used for each type of ringworm if the lesion area is large or if topical medication is not effective.