1.What is a femoral neck fracture? Femoral neck fracture is a fracture between the lower part of the femoral head and the base of the femoral neck. It is a very common fracture in the elderly and is considered to be an “unresolved fracture” with a high rate of non-union and femoral necrosis. 2. What are the causes of femoral neck fractures? Most femoral neck fractures in middle-aged and elderly people are caused by twisting, inversion or valgus of the lower limb during walking and falling. Slippery road, uneven road and going up and down steps are the triggering factors of fracture, and osteoporosis is the intrinsic factor of fracture. In contrast, frailty, low neuromuscular regulation, inflexible joints and lack of defensive response to trauma are important causes of fractures in the elderly. This indicates that it is very important for middle-aged and elderly people to enhance physical exercise and keep their joints flexible to prevent fractures. 3.How to diagnose femoral neck fracture? Fracture of the neck of femur should be considered when the hip is painful and immobile after trauma. Sometimes the fracture only has a crack without displacement, the patient has no obvious pain and can even stand and walk, so it is very easy to miss the diagnosis. Therefore, patients with hip pain after trauma should take x-ray films to make a clear diagnosis. There is pressure pain in front of the hip after femoral neck fracture and pain in the hip on percussion, called indirect percussion pain, which is an important sign of fracture. 4.What complications are likely to occur with femoral neck fracture? Due to the anatomical relationship, the fracture site is often subjected to greater stress, which affects the fixation effect and fracture healing. The non-healing rate is 20%-30%; the incidence of femoral head necrosis in subtrochanteric femoral neck fractures is 75% due to the blockage of blood supply after fracture. Elderly hip fracture patients have long recovery time and are prone to complications such as pneumonic pneumonia, decubitus ulcer and urinary tract infection due to long-term bed rest. 5.What method of treatment is used for femoral neck fracture? There are different types of femoral neck fractures and different treatment methods. The characteristics of the fracture should be carefully analyzed to choose the appropriate treatment method. The patient’s age and physical condition is also an important basis for choosing the treatment method. Conservative treatment: The patient should lie in a flat position with the affected limb abducted and wear a “ding” shoe to prevent external rotation, or use a traction belt to pull. Conservative treatment is suitable for patients without displacement or those who are too old or too weak to tolerate surgery. Surgical treatment: Unstable fractures with displacement may be considered for surgical treatment. There are many surgical treatment methods, but the most common method is hollow nail internal fixation or artificial hip joint replacement. After surgical fixation, patients can take early functional exercises and get out of bed to shorten the time of bed rest, thus reducing the complications caused by long-term bed rest.