Sleep myoclonus is a physiological movement during sleep that can be seen in people of any age. However, some features of sleep myoclonus in the neonatal period can be easily mistaken for seizures and are called benign neonatal sleep myoclonus (BNSM). Symptoms appear within the first month of life, mostly during non-rapid eye movement sleep, and can sometimes be triggered by external stimuli such as sounds or shaking the baby. Myoclonus mainly involves the forearms and hands, but can also involve the feet, face, trunk, or abdominal muscles. The twitches can be bilateral, localized or multifocal, most sites are not fixed, rhythmic or non-rhythmic, often occurring at a frequency of 1-5 c/s, lasting several seconds each time, and can occur in series, lasting 20-30 minutes or even up to 90 minutes, and can easily be mistaken for a convulsive state. However, twitching symptoms never appear during the waking period. The twitching can be terminated by reassuring the twitching limb or repositioning the body. Neurological examination and EEG are normal. There is an occasional family history. Symptoms diminish after 2 months of life and disappear within 6 months. Long-term prognosis is good and no treatment is required. True epileptic myoclonic seizures are rare in the neonatal period, especially multifocal wandering myoclonus with a predominance of limb ends, mainly seen in early myoclonic encephalopathy, whose seizures can occur in any state, mostly easy after waking from sleep, and cannot be terminated by reassuring treatment, with a characteristic burst-inhibition pattern on EEG and clinically significant psychomotor developmental delay.