He was sent to the emergency room of Wuhan Central Hospital by his family and found that his gallbladder was not inflamed and enlarged, but his abdominal aorta was significantly dilated and formed an abdominal aortic aneurysm after ultrasound examination. After his hospitalization, the doctor immediately controlled his blood pressure and the abdominal pain was gradually reduced. After receiving a surgical procedure known as endovascular treatment during his hospitalization, Father Zhang’s abdominal pain disappeared completely and he was discharged successfully a week later. According to Dr. He of the hospital’s vascular surgery department, the diameter of the abdominal aorta in normal people is about 2 cm. If the internal diameter of the abdominal aorta is greater than 3.5 cm, or the local internal diameter is greater than 1.5 times the distal end, it is called abdominal aortic aneurysm. Statistics show that the incidence of abdominal aortic aneurysm is about 8.8% in people over 65 years of age. Most people who develop an abdominal aortic aneurysm have no symptoms. Most patients discover them when they undergo other tests or on their own by chance. The typical presentation is a throbbing mass in the abdomen. As the aneurysm grows and compresses surrounding tissues or organs, abdominal discomfort, abdominal pain, low back pain, and even symptoms of intestinal obstruction (bloating, abdominal pain, and vomiting) may occur. When the abdominal aorta is on the verge of rupture or rupture, the patient may have obvious or even severe abdominal pain or low back pain, which may be accompanied by shock and is often misdiagnosed as acute pancreatitis as well as other acute abdominal conditions and delayed treatment. If an aneurysm ruptures suddenly and causes hemorrhage, the mortality rate is over 90%. Therefore, the medical profession calls aneurysm a “time bomb” in the body. The famous geologist Li Siguang and the physicist Albert Einstein both passed away due to ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysms. There is no distinction between benign and malignant abdominal aortic aneurysms. Abdominal aortic aneurysms cannot be cured by drugs and surgery is the only effective method to treat aneurysms. Currently, 5 cm is the uniform standard for performing surgical intervention. However, even in small aneurysms, there is a possibility of acute rupture. Once detected, abdominal aortic aneurysms require active management. Surgery or endoluminal treatment is recommended for those over 5 cm, while those under 5 cm must be followed regularly and closely to observe changes in the aneurysm. For abdominal aortic aneurysms that require treatment, there are two main methods: surgical and interventional treatment. ü The surgical method is to reconstruct the abdominal aorta by cutting open the aneurysm and replacing the diseased vessel with an artificial vessel implanted in the body. With the continuous improvement of medical technology, the mortality rate of abdominal aortic aneurysm surgery has now been reduced and postoperative complications have been reduced. The 5-year survival rate of surgically treated abdominal aortic aneurysms is now more than 60%, and the main causes of death are heart disease, malignant tumors, and cerebrovascular accidents, not related to surgery of the abdominal aorta. ü Although the effectiveness of surgical treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms is very certain, for patients who are not suitable for surgery or cannot undergo surgery, endoluminal treatment is a new minimally invasive treatment method that is less invasive, relatively painless, and has rapid postoperative recovery. Instead of requiring an abdominal surgical incision, endoluminal treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm requires a tiny incision at the root of the thigh, and under local or hemianesthesia, an overlying stent is implanted into the vessel to block the diseased aneurysm from the normal vessels for treatment purposes. This avoids major surgical blows, causes relatively little disturbance to systemic circulation, and is therefore safer and more appropriate for patients who are too old and frail to tolerate surgery or who are very fearful of surgical treatment. Abdominal aortic aneurysm is one of the most common diseases of the entire vascular system, and its pathogenesis is closely related to the changes in our lifestyle patterns, and is very closely related to hypertension and atherosclerosis (accumulation of lipids in the walls of blood vessels, which causes them to lose their elasticity and, in combination with high blood pressure, aneurysmal dilatation, resulting in abdominal aortic aneurysm). Smoking, high blood pressure, diabetes, high blood cholesterol, and obesity are all risk factors for atherosclerosis, so things like smoking abstinence, effective blood pressure control, and a balanced diet and exercise are all good ways to prevent abdominal aortic aneurysms. In addition, if there is a family history of cardiovascular disease, it is also important to see a doctor for a checkup and regular ultrasound or CT examination of the abdomen. If the ultrasound confirms the diagnosis of abdominal aortic aneurysm, it is important to follow up every six months, and if the aneurysm does grow gradually and exceeds 5 cm, surgical treatment is necessary. For patients who have been found to have abdominal aortic aneurysm, it is important to avoid exercises that suddenly increase abdominal pressure, such as violent coughing, forceful defecation, urination, and large body movements, to avoid rupture of the hemangioma by compression, and to avoid damaging injuries such as falls. The key to prevention is strict control of blood pressure to prevent hypertension and relieve atherosclerosis. In case of abdominal pain and low back pain, we need to see a specialist at a major hospital in time to avoid life-threatening aneurysm rupture.