Smog is a rare disease, and many people may have it without knowing it themselves. The symptoms can only be roughly determined. So how do we confirm the diagnosis of smog? What tests are done? In the past, many patients in China did not know much about this disease, and they only had a CT examination and were diagnosed with cerebral infarction or transient cerebral ischemia. He was treated by internal medicine and discharged after staying for a period of time, which in fact only relieved the symptoms and did not eliminate the disease. With the development of our imaging, many basic hospitals can now do MRA examinations and digital subtraction, through these examinations, we can find out what is the cause of this infarction. So many hospitals are able to detect smog. What tests are done for smog? First of all, of course, the gold standard for the diagnosis of smog, which is the best method, is to do a cerebral angiogram. However, cerebral angiography is an invasive test, especially for children, and it is highly radioactive, and it requires general anesthesia. Therefore, the cost is very high and some children do not cooperate. So instead of that, what else do we have, which is MRI, or MRA, which is a way to check the blood vessels of the child. What else is CTA, after the contrast agent is injected into the body, we can pick out the blood vessels through a three-dimensional technique. We can see the blood vessels, the outline, and from this outline, we can see whether it is a smog disease. There are also many methods, including EEG, to further determine the degree of ischemia in his brain. For example, SPECT and PET can be used to diagnose the severity of smog and its metabolic condition. One of the best methods is cerebral angiography, DSA, MRI, CT, EEG, and metabolic SPECT and PET. Probably, through these means, we can confirm whether it is a smog disease. Should these tests be done at the same time, or should they be done alone? This is true, of course, depending on the conditions, right? However, for example, if the purpose of the test is to prepare for surgery, then the cerebral angiogram I mentioned earlier is necessary, or CTA is necessary. However, for example, if the purpose is only to confirm whether it is smog, then only one of several DSA, CTA, or MRA can be done. But for surgery, I also need to assess the metabolic problems of your cerebral circulation, in this case, we may need to do CT of cerebral perfusion, or metabolic PET, SPECT, to assess how much ischemia he has through the metabolic perspective. It means that if we want to determine the severity of the smog, we need to establish from which angle and from which side to start the surgery, further examination is needed. How do you treat smog when it is diagnosed? Combined vascular bypass surgery for smog is immediate, comprehensive and long-lasting Unlike traditional surgical vascular bypass surgery, combined vascular bypass surgery directly bypasses the superficial temporal artery and the middle cerebral artery; the dura, temporalis, artery and frontal cranial periosteum are apposed to these factors. This not only improves the operability and safety of the procedure, but also maximizes the surgical effect of smog and provides immediate treatment results. Patients can basically see results on the same day they have surgery; at the same time, the formation of neovascularization is induced, and the blood supply to the brain tissue is continuously and comprehensively improved.