Primary hyperhidrosis (PH) is a disease caused by excessive secretion of sweat from sweat glands on the body without any obvious organic cause, and sweating is most common on the head, face, palms, soles and axillae, but rare on the perineum and more rarely on other parts of the body. According to the site of onset, primary hand sweating (Primarypalmarhyperhidrosis), primary cranial sweating (Primarycranimofacialhyperhidrosis), primary axillary sweating, etc. are classified.
Primary hand sweating is classified as mild, moderate, or severe depending on the degree of sweating. Mild: moist palms; moderate: sweaty palms soaking through a handkerchief; severe: sweaty palms in the form of dripping beads.
It often develops during childhood or adolescence, and is mainly confused by sweaty palms, head and face, armpits and soles of the feet, causing much inconvenience and embarrassment to life, work, study and social interactions. The prevalence of primary hand sweating varies from country to country and region to region. Stutton reported a 2.8% prevalence of hand sweating in the general population of the United States and a 0.6-2.2% prevalence in Israel. In Taiwan, China, a 3% prevalence was reported, of which 12.5% had a familial tendency, and the prevalence of severe hand sweating was 1.6% to 2.2%. The epidemiological investigation data of primary head sweating disorder are not reported at home and abroad.
The specific pathogenesis is unknown, and the mainstream in the early 21st century believed that it may be caused by sympathetic nervous system dysfunction with some genetic factors.
Currently, the treatment methods for primary hand sweating are mainly divided into non-surgical treatment methods and surgical treatment methods. The main non-surgical treatment methods are local application of antiperspirant drugs, iontophoresis, oral anticholinergic receptor blockers, and botulinum toxin A blocking therapy; the main surgical treatment methods are fluorescence contrast ETS minimally invasive techniques. Each treatment method has its own advantages and disadvantages, and the fluorescence contrast ETS minimally invasive technique is currently an effective and long-lasting method for the treatment of primary hand sweating.
Surgical treatment of primary hyperhidrosis can achieve good long-term results, especially for those patients who have undergone non-surgical treatments that are ineffective or have poor results, surgery is the ultimate choice. Nowadays, the more frequently reported surgical treatment method at home and abroad is the TV thoracoscopic ETS minimally invasive technique. The fluorescence contrast ETS minimally invasive technique is currently an effective treatment for primary hand sweating. Its treatment mechanism is to treat the postganglionic fibers that innervate the skin sweat glands in the upper extremities through the thoracic sympathetic nerve chain, which is distributed with the nerves, so as to treat sweating of the hands.