Today is Eye Care Day, which is to say that humans are losing their eyesight. The population with the most vision loss is myopia, but there is no convincing argument as to why myopia and why it is widespread. Zhou Menghan, Department of Orthopedics, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University Vision is the ability to see. In order for the eyes to recognize objects clearly, there must be a light source, a reflection, and an eye. These three points are indispensable. First of all, we should talk about the light source. The evolution of human beings took place under natural light. The light to which our eyes are adapted is natural light. Natural light can be distinguished with the naked eye under a prism in beautiful seven colors. The earliest artificial light was also natural light, which was weaker than true natural light, but much better than a very weak night light. Later there was an energy-saving light source, which is now fluorescent lamps, energy-saving lamps, LED lights. This energy-saving light source is not natural light anymore, but monochromatic light. Even though monochromatic light is very bright, since there is no other color light to assist, the eyes will be very uncomfortable to see under this light. Especially when focusing on looking at fine objects. This monochromatic light is developed in recent decades, human eyes are not adapted to this kind of light, it is easy to form fatigue damage. And these monochromatic light set up the earliest and most places is the school and other public facilities inside, and later popularized to each family. Children’s visual ability is not as stable as adults, even if adults work under fluorescent tubes for a long time, they will also have poor vision. Therefore children are the biggest victims of this energy saving. School lighting facilities are thus the biggest producers of myopia, followed by table lamps with fluorescent tubes in homes (don’t think that parents don’t victimize their children). Plus reading materials The earliest reading materials were bamboo and wood. Words were carved on top of bamboo and wood. The text could not be too small due to tools and proficiency. With the development of weaving, paper came later, but the material had a weak luster due to craftsmanship. The soaking and spreading of the writing also made it inadvisable for the text to be too small. Even printing was constrained by this. Few people were also found to be suffering from myopia at that time (the small number of people who could read and write was also a reason for this). Even looking at foreign countries where writing was popularized earlier, the percentage of people wearing glasses was not as high in the last hundred years as it has been in recent decades. Nowadays, paper is so glossy that the paper is reflective under night light. In addition, computer monitors (tubes and LEDs), tablets, cell phones and other LED lights made of “fake paper” popular. The text on these materials is getting smaller and smaller, and it is difficult to read them all without straining the eyes. Children with developing eyesight spend more than twice as long as adults studying under such paper and lights. Can you not ruin a child’s eyesight? Finally, the genetic human beings are in the gradual evolution of the development of the so-called evolution is to grow in the adaptation to the environment, the survival of the fittest. But human eyesight can not catch up with the changes in artificial light. The age of six to twelve (or even to eighteen) is the stage of developmental stabilization of eyesight. If this stage is not attended to, it can cause changes in the subtle structure of the body’s cells. Such changes can be passed on to the next generation through reproduction in adulthood. The percentage of myopia among human beings would have been very low; for example, in the early years of the founding of the nation, very few people wore eyeglasses. Even in the 1960s, when I was in school, there were very few “four-eyed dogs” among my classmates who wore glasses, and they were easily teased because they were different. Nowadays, the kids who don’t wear glasses are different. Why is this so? Because of heredity. We know that myopia is hereditary. In families where both parents are nearsighted, the children are almost identical to their parents. From the sixties (I have never lived in the past, I don’t know) to today after more than fifty years, there are not many children in the city who have not gone through the ravages of fluorescent lights in elementary school and middle school, and now these children are grandparents and fathers. Their children can not be myopic? The following paragraph copied from the Tencent “News Encyclopedia”: “China has more than 300 million myopia patients, the annual demand for glasses amounted to 70 million pairs. Only the incidence of myopia in young people is as high as 50% or more, and a variety of other optometric disorders are also rapidly increasing. In recent years, the incidence of myopia in China was 25% ten years ago, 34% five years ago, and 40% in the last five years, and most of them are students. Elementary school myopia rate of 34%-61%, middle school myopia rate of 68%, college students myopia 90%. The prevalence rate in institutions, research organizations, primary and secondary schools is about 80% or more, which is much higher than that of the general population, and is mainly related to the fact that these groups of people are engaged in excessive close reading work, which overloads the eyes.” These people in college students, research organizations, and institutions can be the same people who have been victimized in primary and secondary schools. If so many young people have children in the future, what will be the scenario can be imagined. The principle of myopia human vision can be divided into three kinds: near, medium (normal) and far. The difference lies mainly in making the sharpest point of an object imaged in front of, on, or behind the retina. This is determined by differences in the degree of bulging of the eye’s lens (a biconvex pancake structure). Lens bulge large (bulging belly large, equal to the center of the lens thickening), the most clear point of the object in front of the retina; lens bulge small (bulging belly small, equal to the center of the lens thinning), the most clear point of the object in the retina after. The degree of lens bulge is determined by the degree of contraction of the ring of muscles surrounding it and the elasticity of the lens itself. With strong contraction, the ring becomes smaller in diameter and the bulge is larger (myopia). Without contraction, the bulge is small (hyperopia). In young people, the annulus contracts continuously, tonicity (commonly known as cramping) occurs, there is little or no further relaxation, and myopia develops. In older individuals, the cycloplegia muscle contracts weakly or weakly, and hyperopia develops. Both conditions require a light-transmitting convex object (spectacle lenses) to change the clarity of an object on the retina. Myopia lenses use a single convex surface (concave) to reduce the convexity of the lens. Farsightedness lenses (presbyopia) use a biconvex surface to increase the convexity of the lens. Ways to solve myopia I Remove cold light from schools and research organizations. Use ample natural light, such as incandescent lamps. Use incandescent light for reading in homes as well. Audio-visual materials are to be used as much as possible. Try not to assign writing assignments. Strictly enforce children’s writing posture such as pencil grip and stance (this is something schools do extremely poorly). Secondly, change the material (paper) on which the text is carried so that it is not overly reflective and the font is large and clear. Generally, the smallest text that does not easily cause visual fatigue is 0.5 square centimeters. Three regular changes in visual attention position. After reading for half an hour, you need to look away for three to five minutes. All parts of the human body will be fatigued, and the part that requires muscle work is even more so. Without practice, active repetitive movements, usually three to five minutes to fatigue. For static movements, fatigue occurs in ten minutes. Vision is the most hardy (with transient breaks), and elementary school students experience fatigue in about half an hour (manifested by a lack of attention). Alternating shifts changes attention (visual focus) and rests the muscle groups that were working.