Pediatric encephalitis requires prompt and effective treatment and generally lasts about 2-3 weeks, although there is some variation depending on the condition and the presence of comorbidities, which needs to be determined on a case-by-case basis. Pediatric encephalitis is a relatively common infectious disease of the central nervous system, mostly caused by viruses and bacteria. The initial onset of the disease is characterized by flu-like symptoms, such as fever, runny nose, headache, vomiting, and a body temperature that may reach 39°C-40°C. Some children may experience mental changes such as drowsiness, and may also have convulsive episodes. When a child has fever accompanied by the above symptoms, he or she should promptly visit the pediatric internal medicine department of the hospital to get a clear diagnosis so as not to delay treatment. After 2-3 weeks of effective treatment, the child will basically return to normal and usually has a good prognosis with no residual effects. The prognosis is usually good with no sequelae, but there may be sequelae if the disease is severe or if there are comorbidities. During the treatment period of pediatric encephalitis, parents should pay attention to the changes in temperature, pulse, blood pressure, and mental status to avoid aggravation of the disease.