Intracranial arterial stenosis Intracranial arteriosclerosis is an important cause of stroke, accounting for about 22%-26% of ischemic stroke. The results of a randomized study by the International Intracranial Bypass Collaborative Group in 1985 showed that the incidence of stroke and death at 1 year of surgery was as high as 20%, much higher than the 14% of drug therapy, and the trial was terminated prematurely. The 2006 WASID study confirmed the safety and efficacy of aspirin antiplatelet aggregation therapy, but a subgroup analysis showed that patients with severe stenosis (≥70% stenosis) had an ipsilateral stroke recurrence rate of 19% at one year and up to 25% at two years even with strict medical therapy. Encouraging results have been achieved in recent years with stentoplasty treatment, with a cumulative 1-year incidence of stroke and death of ≤10% and a severe disabling mortality rate of only about 1 to 3%. The current academic consensus for the treatment of intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is that strict antiplatelet aggregation therapy is the basis, and endoluminal stenting is recommended for responsible lesions with severe stenosis (especially recurrent symptoms treated medically), and surgical bypass surgery can be considered for certain special patients. In view of the efficacy of stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis to be further confirmed in large randomized double-blind studies, and the relatively high complication rate and treatment cost of stenting, the indications are strictly defined in clinical work: symptomatic (clear clinical presentation or/and imaging data of the responsible lesion vessel), severe stenosis (according to WASID subgroup analysis, stenosis rate ≥70% of the population has higher benefit), atherosclerotic （In 2009, Stroke’s Advances in Neurointerventional Therapy emphasized the indications and conditions for the work (first-class equipment, skilled surgeons, and a significant number of cases), based on the affirmation of the efficacy of shaping treatment.) The interventional department of Henan Provincial People’s Hospital is one of the first hospitals in China to carry out this treatment. In March 2008, the Center for International Exchange and Cooperation of the Ministry of Health launched the “Ministry of Health Wingspan stenting study for patients with severe stenosis of symptomatic intracranial arteries” in our hospital. At the end of 2009, our department reported the results of the largest sample size study in China to date to evaluate the efficacy of this intracranial self-pending stent system.