Hypochondriasis, also known as hypochondriac neurosis, is currently classified as a somatoform disorder, mainly referring to the patient’s fear or belief that he or she has one or more serious physical illnesses, with the patient complaining of somatic symptoms and repeatedly seeking medical attention, despite repeated medical tests showing negative results and Despite repeated negative medical tests and medical explanations of the absence of the corresponding disease, the patient’s fears are not dispelled and are often accompanied by anxiety or depression. The disease mostly develops before the age of 50, with a chronic fluctuating course, and can occur in both men and women. Etiology 1. Personality basis The personality characteristics of being withdrawn, stubborn, introverted, overly concerned with oneself, sensitive, egocentric, narcissistic, narrow interests, timid, vulnerable, and suggestive can be the basis for the development of hypochondria. 2. Social environment factors When one learns that one’s relatives or friends have died of a serious disease, one may suspect that one will follow suit. If you see someone else has liver cancer, you will feel discomfort in the liver area. Inappropriate remarks of doctors, excessive medical instruments, unnecessary and excessive treatment, unnecessary surgery, etc. may all contribute to the emergence of suspicion. Somatic factors People in adolescence or menopause are prone to some somatic sensory changes and autonomic instability symptoms, such as palpitations, hot flashes, development or atrophy of reproductive organs, etc. Unreasonable perception of such physiological phenomena may contribute to the generation of the concept of hypochondriasis. 4, psychological factors Some people believe that the disease is caused by perceptual and cognitive abnormalities. The patient’s cognitive system may make inappropriate interpretations of some somatic sensations and changes, leading to hypochondriacal concepts. The basic feature of the disease is the persistence of the preoccupation concept that one is suffering from one or more serious progressive diseases or currently unrecognized physical diseases. Patients show excessive concern for their health and any slight changes in their body, and make hypochondriacal explanations that do not correspond to their actual health status. Suspicious symptoms can be general discomfort, pain or dysfunction in a particular area, or even a specific illness. Symptoms can be manifested in a variety of ways, ranging from well-localized and clearly described sensations such as swelling of the liver, the experience of gastrointestinal torsion, a feeling of head congestion, and a feeling of blockage in the throat, to discomfort that is not well-localized and vague in nature.$ Pain is the most common symptom, and in terms of location, the head, neck, back, and chest are predominant. Somatic discomfort symptoms can involve different organs, such as nausea, acid reflux, diarrhea, palpitations, chest pain, and dyspnea. Some patients are suspected to have irregularities of the five senses, especially the nose, ears and breasts, and also complain of body odor or sweating. This is often accompanied by anxiety, apprehension, fear and symptoms of vegetative dysfunction. Patients cannot believe and accept the negative test results and doctors’ explanations, but still insist on their suspicion and continue to go to various hospitals repeatedly for examination and treatment. Since most or all of the patient’s attention is focused on health problems, so much so that it obviously affects daily study, work, life and interpersonal communication.