Menstruation is often referred to as the “indicator” of a woman’s health, and abnormal menstruation is an important sign of a problem in the body, which can cause a lot of anxiety when there is a slight abnormality. However, many people do not know how to describe their menstruation when they see a doctor, so I am writing an article to let you know some basic concepts about menstruation, so that you do not have to think on the same line as the doctor when you see a doctor. Age of menarche: At what age does menstruation begin? Most girls start menstruating between the ages of 12 and 14, with some starting as early as 10, and some starting as late as 18. This question is asked to improve the basic information, which is basically useless for most people, but doctors have to ask it because they have to improve the medical history. The main point of asking this question is to distinguish between primary amenorrhea and secondary amenorrhea. Primary amenorrhea, which means never having had a period, is commonly associated with abnormalities of the reproductive tract, such as the primordial uterus, and chromosomal abnormalities, such as Turner’s syndrome. Date of last menstruation: The date of the first day of the last menstrual period, which is a mandatory question for OB/GYNs. (Never note that it is not the day it ends.) Menstrual cycle: The time between the first day of two menstrual periods. (It is from the day the last one started to the day the next one starts). A normal menstrual cycle of 21 days to 35 days is considered normal. However, fluctuations of half a week or less and fluctuations of more than a week are called irregular menstrual cycles. Irregular menstrual cycle: The clinical significance of a shortened period includes: 1. normal, she was born with a short period; 2. endometrial damage, uterine adhesions, etc., usually caused by abortion clearance; 3. other unknown causes, which is unclear. Usually, after ruling out the cause of 2, it is considered to be the cause of 1. Most people with shortened periods are left alone. Menstrual cycle fluctuations of more than one week. Frequent periods: menstrual cycles of less than 21 days. Scanty periods: menstrual cycles of more than 35 days. Frequent problems need to be dealt with; scanty periods usually do not need to be dealt with. Scanty menstruation is only used as a reference to diagnose polycystic ovary syndrome. However, having scanty periods may not necessarily be polycystic ovary syndrome, it is more likely that this is the way she is supposed to be, normal. Amenorrhea: absence of menstruation for more than 6 months, or for more than 3 cycles. Length of period: It refers to the number of days of menstrual bleeding. Usually menstruation is clean for 3 to 7 days. Prolonged period: The period lasts for more than 7 days before it clears. Shortened period: Menstruation lasts for less than 3 days. The clinical significance of shortened periods include: 1. normal phenomenon, she was born with short periods; 2. endometrial damage, uterine adhesions, etc., usually caused by abortion clearance; 3. other unknown causes, which are not clear. Usually, after ruling out the cause of 2, it is considered to be the cause of 1. Most people with shortened periods are left alone. Prolonged periods are different. Longer bleeding is prone to anemia and infection, and the causes include: endometrial lesions, fibroids and polyps in the uterine cavity, IUDs, endocrine disorders, etc. So prolonged periods need to find the cause. Prolonged menstruation of – uterine incision diverticulum. This is a disease unique to the post-cesarean operation, which manifests itself as, the relatively normal amount of menstruation remains unchanged, or 3~7 days, but the coffee-colored spotting bleeding can drag on for another week or even 10 days. In this case, pay attention to good contraception, and usually it is not dealt with, because it has to do surgery to solve it, and mentioning doing surgery, that is costly. However, if the diverticulum is more diverticulent and the symptoms are heavy, or if you consider the risk of having children again, surgery is still recommended to repair it. But the problem with repair is that you have to use contraception for a year or two, so it’s better not to dissect, because anyone who encounters this kind of thing is very torn. But the impact on daily life is actually not very big, bleeding very little when intercourse can wear a condom. The amount of menstruation: This is easy to understand. It is the amount of menstrual bleeding. This is difficult to describe, plus I am a male, no concept of sanitary napkins, so my own feeling of this are very empty, it is not good to guide you. But you can use a cola bottle, or milk bottle or other containers than, a sense of understanding. If you don’t mind the trouble, you can add water to the color to see how many sanitary napkins 80ml can soak. Note that 80ml is the total amount, not the amount of a single day or a single sanitary napkin. How much menstruation: The amount of menstruation is less than 5ml. Too much menstruation: The amount of menstruation is more than 80ml. I am not afraid of you having less, but most afraid of you having more. The doctor won’t be anxious about the small amount of menstruation, and it won’t kill anyone, and many people don’t see any problems with the small amount of menstruation. The meaning of a low period is similar to a short period. How I would evaluate excessive menstruation. First, I would ask you, do you feel that you are having heavy periods? Second, I would look to see if you are anemic. Excessive periods can lead to anemia, so I would be more concerned about your excessive periods. The problem of menstrual clots: I am often told that menstrual clots are described in a very specific and graphic way, which is good, because Chinese medicine doctors love to hear chatter, while Western medicine doctors record a few words: “heavy menstruation with blood clots”. Menstrual blood clots are caused by rapid bleeding and heavy bleeding. Normal menstrual blood, which has anticoagulants in it, is produced by the endometrium itself, so the menstrual blood does not clot. But when the volume is too large, or the bleeding is fast, there is not enough anticoagulant, so it clots partly. What is the sludge in menstrual blood: That is endometrial debris. I had a person with low menstrual flow describe to me that a piece of flesh had fallen out and then there was nothing more, and nothing was found to be wrong. The more neatly the lining is shed, the more complete it is, the less bleeding there will be. So remember, menstruation is not detoxification, is the detoxification of the lining, not that bleeding is good, if the lining does not need blood flush, can come out by itself, then no bleeding will be better (unfortunately not possible). About the diagnosis and treatment of menstrual disease, I conclude that: I am not afraid that you do not bleed, but afraid that you bleed chaos. It’s hard to die without bleeding, but the bleeding is not so bad that you die, but the real money flowing out, but the blood pumped from the heart! You do not say, I really met because of menstrual problems, hemorrhage, almost lost his life, to put it bluntly is ignorance of the goods, she thought that “just menstruation”, she thought that “is not blood”! No bleeding problem is good to do, you can slowly investigate, even if the cause can not be found, or can not cure, but also do not want to die. What remains may be a piece of heart disease. So, regarding menstrual problems, there are actually many more “heart problems” than “real problems”. When many women come to the clinic, they often say, “I’ve never had this before. So they think it is very serious, and every time they receive a consultation, they can see the “anxiety” written on their foreheads. In fact, most people just have a one-off disorder (not “sexual disorder”). What does “transient” mean? A one-off is when you get better afterwards, and you don’t do anything, you get better on your own. Women’s menstrual problems are often tied up with emotional, life stress, fertility and other factors. Life affects emotions, fertility affects emotions, emotions affect endocrine, and endocrine control menstruation. Therefore, attention to those who have difficulty in preparing for pregnancy, remember Dr. Guo’s motto “Don’t be anxious, anxiousness affects endocrine!”