In addition to the abnormal head shape, different types of craniosynostosis may cause or combine with other different malformations and manifestations of neurological impairment. In the vast majority of children with premature closure of the cranial suture, the brain and nerves are otherwise normal. When premature closure of the cranial suture occurs, the normal growth of the skull is limited and the cranial cavity is unable to expand locally or as a whole as the infant’s brain tissue grows, compressing the developing brain tissue. After being confined and compressed by the skull for a long time, the originally normal brain tissue will be stunted, resulting in limited local or overall brain growth. In addition to the head and facial deformities and cranial hypertension we mentioned above, untreated children with sialocrania can also suffer from intellectual, neurological, psychological, learning, and developmental problems. 1.Intellectual impairment and motor impairment Local compression can cause various intellectual impairment and motor impairment. About 35-40% of children with single cranial suture premature closure will have different degrees of neurological function and intellectual impairment, mostly seeing learning ability impairment, language ability impairment, cognitive function impairment, etc. The percentage of brain developmental abnormalities is higher in multiple cranial suture premature closure and syndromic cranial suture premature closure. The associated disorders are particularly prominent after the child reaches school age. 2. Abnormal visual development If the orbit is compressed, it will affect the development of optic nerve, which is mostly seen in children with frontal and coronal suture involvement. Due to the reduction of cranial cavity volume and orbital volume in the frontal area of the child, eye compression and optic nerve compression may occur, causing unilateral or bilateral eye position changes, proptosis and other cosmetic deformities, while affecting the development of vision, which may lead to optic nerve atrophy or even blindness in severe cases. 3, cranial hypertension About 15-25% of children with single cranial suture premature closure and 50-60% of children with multiple cranial sutures premature closure will have increased intracranial pressure, which is a contradictory result of the infant’s developing brain tissue and local bony sequestration restrictions. Long-term cranial hypertension can cause a variety of adverse outcomes such as abnormal brain development, pathologically thin skull bones, secondary submicrocephalic herniation malformations, and obstructive hydrocephalus, which is further exacerbated by secondary submicrocephalic herniation and obstructive hydrocephalus, resulting in a vicious cycle. In addition to overall cranial hypertension, 40% of children with cranial pressure in the normal range, but at the high limit for a long time, are also detrimental to the overall brain tissue development. Long-term high cranial pressure can cause damage to the cranial pressure compensation mechanism of these children, which may cause headache when they cry, cough, hold their breath and other actions, especially in older children. 4, Cranial hypertension cranial bone thinning Local compression often causes local cranial bone thinning, CT manifests as “finger indentation”, that is, the skull becomes pitted, so that the child’s skull is more prone to skull fracture when impacted by external forces. 5, psychological problems After the child grows up, due to the head shape and facial “abnormal” cause a variety of low self-esteem, autism and other psychological problems can not be ignored. Untreated children with premature closure of the cranial suture are more likely to have low self-esteem, attention deficit, aggressive behavior, poor frustration resistance and other psychological problems when they start to develop self-awareness. The child’s work, social interaction and family life may also be affected by the disease to varying degrees, and the harm will last throughout the child’s life.