After artificial hip replacement, patients need to be especially careful about joint infection, because once infection occurs, patients have to face another or even multiple surgeries, which can be a disastrous consequence. Nowadays, the lowest infection rate after artificial hip replacement is basically controlled at 1‰~2‰ all over the world; in China, the infection rate after surgery is basically between 2‰~5‰. Generally speaking, the following four groups of people are prone to infection: 1, patients with poor resistance; 2, patients with preoperative diseases such as diabetes and anemia, resulting in poorer function of other organs; 3, patients with poor skin conditions and a history of trauma before artificial hip replacement; 4, patients taking hormones or immunosuppressive drugs for a long time. In addition, it is worth noting that the rate of postoperative infection varies for artificial hip replacements due to different etiologies. Among them, patients who need artificial hip replacement due to inflammatory arthropathies such as rheumatoid arthritis or ankylosing spondylitis have a postoperative infection rate 2.7 times higher than those due to femoral neck fracture and femoral head necrosis. Therefore, it is recommended that such patients should use antibiotics prophylactically for 1 to 2 days before surgery; use antibiotics for a slightly longer period of time after surgery; and be sure to use antibiotics to escort them if there are foci of infection in other parts of the body, such as skin infection, urinary tract infection and pneumonia, for more than two years after surgery. Generally speaking, joint infection after artificial hip replacement can be divided into acute infection and chronic infection. Acute infections mainly manifest as wound redness, swelling, heat and pain as well as pus flow. In the case of chronic infection, the most obvious feeling of the patient is pain, such as resting pain (i.e. the patient stays without doing anything and still feels pain in the joint), weight-bearing pain (i.e. the patient feels pain when stepping on the ground), and night pain, etc. Nowadays, most infections that occur after hip replacement are chronic infections, meaning that the bacteria are not so strong that they cause redness, swelling and heat in the patient’s wound, but only painful manifestations. When an infection is suspected, patients need to seek medical attention and go to the hospital for X-ray, blood sedimentation, C-reactive protein and other items to clarify the diagnosis.