Lobar combined with segmental bronchiectomy is more common clinically. Traditionally, lobectomy with segmental lung resection is mostly used. The lung segment resection can cause large trauma to the normal lung segment, which can damage the inter-segmental vessels, and is prone to complications such as air leak, sectional fistula, and pus thorax, etc. It also reduces the volume of the remaining lung, makes the residual cavity in the chest too large, and over-expands the remaining lung to form obvious compensatory emphysema; the bronchus is prone to displacement and distortion, which affects ventilation and sputum, thus complicating pneumonia and new bronchial dilatation. In contrast, lung segmental bronchiectomy can reduce these problems. In patients with multileaf and multisegmental bronchiectasis, performing lobectomy or segmental lung resection as usual will increase the risk and deprive some patients of the opportunity for surgery. Therefore, bronchiectomy is undoubtedly the best option as long as conditions allow and the diagnosis is clear. Histologically, there are alveolar pores in the adjacent alveolar septa, through which the collateral circulation can be established; in addition, the collateral channels between the fine bronchioles and between the fine bronchioles are also involved in the establishment of collateral ventilation. Based on this theoretical basis, the gas exchange function of this part of the lung tissue can be partially preserved by simply eliminating the lung segment and its branch bronchi and retaining the lung tissue to which it belongs, as long as there is a source of collateral ventilation.