Clinical application of ultrasonography

With the continuous improvement of the new generation of ultrasound contrast agents and contrast imaging technology, the advantages of ultrasound contrast imaging have been highlighted and are increasingly valued and accepted by clinicians, becoming a hot spot for ultrasound applications and research. As a new non-invasive imaging technology, ultrasonography (contrast-enhanced ultrasound, CEUS) is regarded as the third revolution in the history of ultrasound medicine.     The so-called ultrasound contrast agent (UCA) is injected intravenously to enhance the blood scattering signal of human body and to observe the microvascular perfusion information of tissues dynamically in real time, so as to improve the detection rate of lesions and differentiate the benign and malignant lesions, and to evaluate the functional status of organs. The imaging method is used to improve the detection rate of lesions and to identify benign and malignant lesions, and to evaluate the functional status of organs. Compared with ordinary two-dimensional ultrasound and color Doppler, ultrasonography can provide richer and clearer diagnostic information, and its clinical application features are as follows: 1. Real-time dynamic perfusion imaging, avoiding time sampling errors and respiratory effects. 2. High spatial resolution, allowing detection of more lesions. The display rate of tiny lesions (especially tumors <1cm) is improved, and the smallest displayed lesion is only 0.3cm. 3. Easy operation and good reproducibility. For primary hepatocellular carcinoma after TACE, ultrasonography is more sensitive because it is not disturbed by iodine oil concentration.4. True pure blood pool imaging, showing tissue microcirculation perfusion information, is currently the best and most sensitive imaging technology that can display tissue microcirculation blood flow in real time.5. Small dose, no skin test, no X-ray radiation and liver and kidney toxicity, safe and reliable. Ultrasonography is especially suitable for patients with liver and kidney insufficiency, as well as patients with liver and kidney organ transplantation or acute pancreatitis. Ultrasonography has been widely used in many clinical fields, such as digestive system, urinary system, vascular system, gynecological system, superficial organs and so on. Since the first case of ultrasonography was carried out in cooperation with the manufacturer in 2009, the ultrasonography department of our hospital has accumulated a lot of clinical experience through cooperation with the manufacturer and sister hospitals, animal experiments and clinical applications. At present, we have carried out the following ultrasonography projects: 1. qualitative diagnosis of liver, biliary, pancreatic, spleen and kidney tumors; 2. regular ultrasonography of cirrhotic nodules to exclude malignant changes; 3. assessment of surgical efficacy: ultrasonography can localize and stage lesions before tumor surgery or interventional treatment, and monitor the efficacy (such as whether the tumor is completely necrotic) and prognosis (such as whether there is still residual tumor tissue or recurrence) during and after treatment. 4.Dynamic monitoring of liver and kidney transplantation: evaluation of preoperative recipient blood supply, intraoperative vascular anastomosis, early postoperative detection of vascular complications, early determination of microcirculatory perfusion abnormalities and rejection of transplanted organs; 5.Dynamic monitoring of the efficacy of tumor biological, chemotherapy and radiation therapy (ultrasonography is functional and structural imaging, which is superior to simple anatomical imaging). 6.Observation of arterial morphological changes of atheromatous plaque, differential diagnosis of its nature, accurate determination of the degree of stenosis, help to predict the occurrence of ischemic cerebrovascular disease, reduce the risk of morbidity and monitor the effect of treatment. 7. In terms of extremity vascular can accurately diagnose vascular stenosis, embolism and vascular malformation and other lesions, in addition, it can quickly and easily carry out dynamic monitoring after vascular thrombolytic therapy, real-time dynamic monitoring of the effect of thrombolytic therapy and timely adjustment of the treatment plan. The treatment plan can be adjusted in time.