Pseudovertigo
True vertigo is commonly associated with cardiovascular disease, fever, anemia, toxic diseases, metabolic diseases, visual disorders, refractive errors, cervical spondylosis, menopausal syndrome and neurosis.
True vertigo
I. Peripheral vestibular lesions
Otitis media (such as septic vagus and toxic vaginitis); drug poisoning (such as streptomycin neomycin phenytoin sodium and kanamycin poisoning); vagus trauma and post-surgical sequelae; postural vertigo of otosclerosis otolithiasis; Meniere’s syndrome, etc.
II. Central part
1.Brain stem lesions
(1) Tumors such as cerebellar pontocerebellar horn occupying lesions, fourth ventricle tumors, intracerebral tumors, etc.
(2) Blood circulation disorders of the vertebrobasilar system, such as cranial vertigo caused by insufficient blood supply to the basilar artery, and insufficient blood supply to the vertebral artery caused by thrombosis of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery and cervical spondylosis
(3) Inflammation of the stem multiple sclerosis posterior cranial fossa lesions inflammation of vestibular neurons
(4) Brainstem trauma and congenital malformations of the posterior cranial fossa, etc.
2.Cortical lesions
Temporal lobe tumor or limited inflammation, cerebrovascular disease, epilepsy and vascular headache, inflammatory degenerative disease, cranial trauma epilepsy, etc.
Vertigo is a common symptom rather than an independent disease. Therefore, we can classify the diseases that cause dizziness so that we can have a deeper understanding of “vertigo”.
1. Rotational vertigo can be divided into two categories: peripheral vertigo and central vertigo according to its etiology.
(1) Peripheral vertigo: It is the vertigo caused by the lesion of the vagus or vestibular nerve in the inner ear. It is common in Meniere’s disease (once translated as Meniere’s disease), vaginitis, drug-related vertigo (caused by drugs such as streptomycin or gentamicin) and vestibular neuritis, etc.
(2) Central vertigo: vertigo caused by lesions of brainstem, cerebellum, brain and spinal cord. It is commonly caused by insufficient blood supply to vertebrobasilar artery, intracranial tumor, intracranial infection, multiple sclerosis, vertigo epilepsy and traumatic vertigo, etc.
2.General vertigo
(1) Cardiogenic vertigo: It is common due to cardiac arrhythmia and cardiac insufficiency, etc.
(2) Pulmonary vertigo: It is seen in pulmonary insufficiency caused by various reasons.
(3) Ophthalmogenic vertigo: commonly caused by refractive error, fundus arteriosclerosis, hemorrhage and ocular muscle paralysis, etc.
(4) Blood pressure vertigo: High or low blood pressure can cause vertigo.
(5) Others: anemia, cervical spondylosis, acute fever, gastroenteritis, endocrine disorders and neurosis can cause dizziness.