When children snore in bed, some parents think it is a sign that their children are sleeping well, but in fact it is probably a disease – pediatric adenoid hypertrophy. Snoring, nasal congestion, open-mouth breathing may be adenoid hypertrophy Adenoid hypertrophy is a common disease in children, with the development of the disease, children will have nasal congestion, runny nose, postnasal drip, cough, hearing loss, open-mouth breathing and snoring and other symptoms, in the long run will affect the development of the child’s jaw and facial bones, “adenoid face”; the disease further When the disease is further aggravated, obstructive sleep apnea hypoventilation syndrome (i.e. when snoring, air cannot be inhaled into the lungs) will appear, affecting the neurocognitive function and growth and development of the affected child. Therefore, children with snoring, open-mouth breathing and nasal congestion should seek medical attention promptly. The degree of obstruction and symptoms determine the treatment method. Almost all of the nasopharyngeal cavity is occupied, the lower edge of the posterior nostril and the pharyngeal orifice of the eustachian tube are obscured, and most of them protrude into the nasal cavity. Depending on the degree of obstruction and the child’s symptoms, adenoid hypertrophy can be treated by observation, medication and surgery. In first degree obstruction, the child’s symptoms are not obvious and observation is sufficient. Medication is indicated for children with second-degree and third-degree adenoidal hypertrophy where symptoms are not obvious. Medication can improve the microenvironment of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, control the inflammatory response, and minimize the size of the enlarged adenoids. The combination of topical steroid nasal sprays and leukotriene receptor antagonists can reduce the allergic state of the adenoids and the inflammatory response of the tissues; nasal irrigation can also improve the microenvironment of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx; as the adenoids are immune organs, the appropriate use of immune boosters can control and reduce the number of upper respiratory tract infections, thus reducing the inflammatory response and reactive adenoids. reactive hyperplasia. With resistance building and aggressive medication, surgery can be avoided in some children. However, when medication is ineffective for 2-4 weeks, surgery is still a necessary option on balance and is now minimally invasive. Surgery is the first-line treatment Surgery is the first-line treatment option for adenoid hypertrophy. Surgery is required when the child has 1 of the following 3 elements: (1) persistent nasal congestion that interferes with sleep (excluding severe allergic rhinitis or nasal polyps); (2) adenoidal facies; (3) complications such as secretory otitis media; and nasal endoscopy indicates that the adenoids are obstructing more than 2/3 of the nasopharynx. children who require surgery should be operated as soon as possible to relieve the vicious cycle of obstruction and hypoxia. After surgery, the child’s breathing and oxygen deficiency will be improved immediately, and the symptoms of sinusitis and otitis media caused by the obstruction will also be improved after interrupting the vicious cycle, making the child enter a virtuous cycle, which is called “no pain if it passes, no pain if it does not pass”. Parents are often concerned about whether their children are young enough for surgery. In addition, the immune system of the child is not yet complete, so it is beneficial to preserve the immune tissue unless the obstruction is very severe and the child’s growth is severely limited. The decision of which treatment for pediatric adenoid hypertrophy should be made by the doctor on the basis of a comprehensive evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages, and all the parents can do is to detect the symptoms of the child as early as possible and seek timely medical attention.