OBJECTIVE: To investigate the value of preoperative ultrasound for the diagnosis of ovarian fibroids. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The sonographic features of 28 cases of ovarian fibroids confirmed by surgical pathology at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University during the decade from 1990 to 2000 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: 1, It is proposed that ovarian fibroma can be divided into two types: attenuated and mixed echogenic type. 2. The diagnosis rate of ovarian fibroma by preoperative ultrasound was 85.71%, which was significantly higher than the clinical diagnosis rate (57.14%). 3. The diagnostic rate of attenuated fibroma by ultrasound was higher, up to 95.45%. However, the diagnosis rate of mixed echogenic fibroids is lower, only 50%. 4.The color flow rate of fibroma is 33.33%, among which the rate of attenuated type is 25% and the rate of mixed echogenic type is 66.67%. 5. Abdominal plus vaginal ultrasonography (87.50%) showed a higher diagnostic rate for ovarian fibroids than abdominal ultrasonography alone (85.00%). Conclusion: Preoperative ultrasound, especially combined abdominal and vaginal ultrasound, has a higher diagnostic rate for ovarian fibroids, which is an important reference value for clinical planning of surgery.