In the process of treatment, we often see many parents rushing to treat their babies after they find out that they have a squint. However, in fact, pediatric squint can be divided into congenital squint and acquired squint, and the pathology, treatment and precautions for both are different. Parents can learn about the classification of squint before treatment, so that they can have a good idea and cooperate with the treatment. I. Congenital squint mainly includes congenital muscular squint and congenital bony squint. (1) Congenital myeloplasia. The main manifestations are: round or pike shaped masses appear in the sternocleidomastoid muscle soon after the baby is born; some directly manifest as sclerosis of the sternocleidomastoid muscle like bone and loss of elasticity. For myotonic squamous neck, ultrasound examination of the sternocleidomastoid muscle can clarify the extent of mass involvement. Clinically, myotonic squamous neck is the more common type of squamous neck. (2) Congenital bony squint. It is mainly caused by congenital developmental malformation of the cervical spine (e.g. vertebral fusion). For bony squint, the occurrence needs to be clarified by CT or X-ray, while ultrasound examination of the sternocleidomastoid muscle is normal. Second, acquired sternocleidomastoid mainly includes habitual sternocleid (postural sternocleid), infectious sternocleid, ophthalmic sternocleid, neurological sternocleid, otogenic sternocleid, and spastic sternocleid. Ultrasound examination of the sternocleidomastoid muscle in acquired squint is usually normal. (1) Habitual squint (postural squint). It is more common clinically. It is usually due to the failure to correct the bad posture of the baby after birth, resulting in the development of a stable neck with a sloping neck. For example, some babies like to tilt their heads to one side, and parents fail to adjust the head posture of the baby in time, and some incorrect postures such as holding the baby vertically and vertically, which leads to imbalance in the development of the baby’s neck muscles, and poor development or atrophy of the neck muscles such as sternocleidomastoid muscle, rhomboid muscle and oblique angle muscle on the affected side, resulting in squinting. (2) Infectious squint. It usually occurs after an upper respiratory tract infection, with no previous symptoms at all. (3) Ocular squint. Most of the cases are caused by a strabismus of the affected eye or congenital ptosis, which results in a restricted field of vision on the affected side. (4) Neurogenic squint. It is caused by direct brain pathology (e.g. cerebral palsy, tumor, etc.). (5) Otogenic squint. Most of them are caused by impaired hearing on the affected side, such as external atresia, microtia, congenital deafness, etc. (6) Spastic squint. It usually has a progressive trend and can be secondary to neurological lesions such as encephalitis. Electromyography can clarify the spastic muscles and usually has an older age of onset. Therefore, it is generally possible to make a preliminary judgment on which type of sternocleidomastoid muscle the baby belongs to, and those with masses in the sternocleidomastoid muscle are mostly considered to be myoclinoid, those without masses are mostly considered to be habitual sternocleidomastoid (postural sternocleidomastoid), while other types of sternocleidomastoid are less common. Since habitual squint (postural squint) is characterized by muscle dysplasia and atrophy on the affected side, while the muscles on the healthy side are strong and thick, this type of squint is also classified as muscular squint in foreign countries, and the difference only lies in the presence or absence of masses and whether the ultrasound examination is normal. For the lump type, conservative treatment such as massage should be started as soon as possible to promote the softening and shrinking of the lump, stretching and elongating the muscle, and restoring the muscle elasticity function. For non-lumpy type, home functional training and posture correction are the main treatments to promote muscle development, and in severe cases, appropriate massage and stretching can be assisted.