Chronic periodontitis is a very common oral disease and most adults suffer from varying degrees of chronic periodontitis. The cause is poor oral hygiene, which starts as gingivitis and develops into chronic periodontitis with the destruction and resorption of tartar formation alveolitis, which seriously affects the oral health of patients. First of all, patients with chronic periodontitis mainly show symptoms such as bleeding gums, swollen gums, oral odor, and even loose and painful teeth, which seriously affect the oral health of patients and even affect their daily social life. At present, the main cause of chronic periodontitis is that patients usually do not pay attention to oral hygiene. Patients usually do not clean their teeth thoroughly, resulting in food residues remaining in the oral tissues, leading to the accumulation of tartar and tartar under the action of bacteria and plaque, which eventually leads to the occurrence of chronic periodontitis. Finally, the clinical treatment of chronic periodontitis is divided into four main steps. Firstly, plaque and tartar should be removed and the inflammatory response of the mouth should be controlled and the occlusal function should be adjusted. Next, loose teeth can be treated and fixed by periodontal surgery, or in severe cases, extracted. In addition, dental implants or restorative treatment of missing teeth is required two to three months after surgery. Finally, patients need to be followed up at regular intervals of six months. Reviewing the patient’s periodontal condition and taking radiographs can help diagnose the patient’s oral health. Knowing the symptoms, causes, and treatment of chronic periodontitis in patients can help maintain oral hygiene and prevent chronic periodontitis from causing great damage to people’s health.