Uterine fibroids are the most common benign tumors of the female reproductive system, originating from the smooth muscle of the uterus, and are usually thought to be associated with estrogen, growth hormone, and progesterone. They are classified according to the site of growth as subplasmalemma (15%), submucosal leiomyoma (21%) and intermural tumors (62%). The prevalence in women of childbearing age ranges from 20-25%. Young patients with asymptomatic or mild symptoms or those approaching menopause usually do not need treatment or are treated with drugs (hormones) only, but hormone therapy can cause endocrine disorders and the fibroids grow rapidly after stopping the drugs. Although myomectomy (lumpectomy or dissection) preserves the uterus, it is often overwhelming for larger or more numerous fibroids and has a recurrence rate of more than 20%. Secondary total hysterectomy can keep the vagina anatomically and functionally intact, but the biggest disadvantage is the possibility of cervical stump cancer, and it still has a certain impact on women’s psychology and physiology. Total hysterectomy has a greater psychological and physiological impact on the patient. Uterine artery embolization for uterine fibroids is a new method developed in the last decade or so (former US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice underwent the procedure). The principle is to embolize the uterine arteries bilaterally to cause ischemia and necrosis of the fibroids, thus shrinking or fibrosing the fibroids for the purpose of treatment while preserving the uterus. This method is indicated for women of childbearing age with symptoms, including: (1) excessive menstrual flow, especially if accompanied by anemia; (2) chronic pelvic, leg, or back pain caused by fibroids, or other discomfort; (3) urological symptoms due to compression of the ureter and bladder by fibroids (4) patients who wish to preserve the uterus and reproductive function; and (5) recurrence of fibroids after myomectomy. Generally, this method of treatment is not considered in patients with fibroids too small (10 cm), subplasmic fibroids with tissues and imminent menopause. The basic treatment is to insert a catheter about 1 mm thick from one femoral artery to both uterine arteries in turn and then embolize them with polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) pellets (300-500 microns in diameter is appropriate), usually within 1 hour. Other embolization agents are available, but are not ideal. The time of treatment is preferably within 1 week after the end of menstruation. Most patients develop post-embolization syndrome after uterine artery embolization, including pelvic pain, nausea, vomiting, fever, and increased white blood cell count, especially pelvic pain is prominent, anti-inflammatory and analgesic symptomatic treatment can be given (anti-inflammatory pain suppositories are better for anal pain relief), and the symptoms mostly reduce or disappear within 3-5 days. Very few patients may experience a significant decrease in menstrual flow or even premature amenorrhea, which can be left untreated or taken with herbal medicine. According to Ravina, 200 patients with uterine fibroids were treated with uterine artery embolization with a clinical success rate of 83% at 6 years of follow-up, with a 50% reduction in the volume of fibroids within 3 months, 78% reduction at 1 year, 35% reduction in the volume of the whole uterus within 3 months, and 50% reduction within 6 months, with most patients resuming normal menstruation after uterine artery embolization and more than 12 patients became pregnant. Based on the same principle, myometriosis can also be treated with uterine artery embolization.