I. Endocrine dysfunction (ovulation disorders, luteal insufficiency);
1. Central effects
Hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis dysfunction resulting in anovulation, such as anovulatory menstruation, amenorrhea, etc.; ovarian tumors; mental factors: such as excessive tension, anxiety, etc;
2.Systemic factors
Severe malnutrition, excessive obesity or lack of certain vitamins in the diet; endocrine metabolic diseases such as hyper- or hypothyroidism, hyper- or hypoadrenocorticism, severe diabetes mellitus, etc.; physical factors such as taking raw cottonseed oil, toxic chemical reagents, radiation exposure, microwave, etc.
3.Local ovarian factors
Such as congenital ovarian insufficiency, polycystic ovary syndrome, premature ovarian failure, etc.
Fallopian tube factors
Mechanical factors: fallopian tube obstruction, inflammation, surgical ligation, peristaltic disorders;
Humoral factors: endometriosis, tubal effusion.
Third, uterine factors
Abnormal uterine development; endometrial abnormalities; uterine tumors.
Fourth, cervical factors
During normal ovulation, the cervical mucus increases and is clear and transparent, which facilitates the passage of sperm. In chronic cervicitis, the cervical mucus becomes sticky and contains a large number of white blood cells, which is not conducive to the activity and penetration of sperm and can affect conception; cervical polyps and cervical fibroids can block the cervical canal and affect the passage of sperm, and the narrowing of the cervical opening may also cause infertility.
V. Vulva and vaginal factors
Congenital abnormalities such as hymenal atresia, vaginal diaphragm and congenital absence of vagina can prevent sexual intercourse; severe vaginal inflammation can also affect conception.
Abnormal immune function
Positive anti-sperm antibody, anti-endometrial antibody, anti-cardiolipin antibody, etc.
VII. Congenital factors
Severe congenital dysplasia of the reproductive system, which is often accompanied by primary amenorrhea. Sex chromosomal abnormalities, such as Turner’s syndrome, true and false hermaphroditism, chromosomal abnormalities prone to habitual abortion, etc.
Eight, psychoneurological factors
Phytogenic nervous system dysfunction, psychosis, environmental amenorrhea, anorexia nervosa, pseudopregnancy, etc.