Cure or not to cure a cold during pregnancy? 1. Confirm whether you really have a cold? After pregnancy, due to hormone levels and anatomical structure of women, with the increase in the number of weeks of pregnancy from the nasal cavity, lungs to the entire thorax is also undergoing adaptive changes, nasal mucosal congestion, active glands, mucopolysaccharides increase as well as increased phagocytic activity, many pregnant women experience nasal congestion, epistaxis and other symptoms similar to a cold, in fact, is due to these physiological changes caused by. 2, mild, common cold After pregnancy, due to hypertrophy, edema, congestion of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract, such as the nose, pharynx, trachea and other mucous membranes, resistance to disease decreases, and the respiratory tract of pregnant women is susceptible to infections and cause colds. If it is a common cold, only cough, runny nose and mild cough generally speaking, it does not affect the fetus. At this time, there is no need to use medicine, pay attention to rest, keep warm and drink more boiled water. 3, severe, epidemic viral cold Pregnant women with persistent high fever will have a certain effect on the fetus. The fetus is sensitive to high-temperature environments, and studies have shown that elevated body temperatures in different periods of pregnancy can have an adverse effect on the course and outcome of pregnancy. For example, ① early pregnancy temperature can lead to spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, stillbirth, fetal malformation, neonatal death increased incidence; ② middle and late pregnancy temperature can lead to fetal tachycardia, or even fetal distress or fetal death in utero. At this time, you need to go to the hospital in time to take the appropriate treatment program. How to treat cold during pregnancy? (1) If you have a cold without fever, or if your body temperature does not exceed 38℃ when you have a fever, you do not need to take medication, and it will not affect the fetus. (2) If the cold is serious with high fever, in addition to general treatment, the temperature should be controlled as soon as possible. Physical cooling methods can be used, such as placing ice on the forehead and neck, applying cold compresses with a wet towel, rubbing the neck and armpits with 30%~35% alcohol, etc. Drugs can also be used to lower the temperature. 2, drug treatment Pregnant women should avoid or be careful to use anti-flu drugs. Because some components of these drugs may be unfavorable to pregnant women and harmful to the fetus. According to the harm of drugs to the fetus, the U.S. FDA promulgated the hazard level standard (i.e., A, B, C, D, X level). (1) Strictly abide by the basic principles of medication in pregnancy: ① There must be clear indications for the use of drugs, to avoid unnecessary use of drugs, can use a single species, do not combine drugs. ② When using drugs, try to use non-teratogenic A, B class drugs, be careful with C-class drugs, prohibited D, X-class drugs. ③ The dosage of drugs in pregnancy should be appropriate, using the lowest effective dose as possible, and the duration of drug administration should be as short as possible, otherwise it may cause adverse reactions to the fetus [3]. ④ When the new drug and the old drug are equally effective, the old drug should be chosen because the new drug has a short time of clinical application. There is a lack of reliable evidence of safety for the fetus. ⑤ Some drugs may have an effect on the fetus, but can treat diseases that endanger the health or life of the pregnant woman, then they should be used after fully weighing the pros and cons, and the dosage should be adjusted at any time according to the condition, the drug should be stopped in time, and blood concentration monitoring should be carried out if necessary. (2) Selection of appropriate drugs ① Antiviral drugs The common cold will usually be cured after 5~7d, and the use of antiviral drugs is not recommended. The danger of influenza virus and complications to pregnant women and fetuses is likely to exceed that of drugs, so those suffering from influenza may benefit from the use of antiviral drugs in addition to symptomatic supportive treatment. ② Use of antimicrobials Antimicrobials are not usually necessary for viral colds unless there is an indication of bacterial infection. In acute bacterial infections, C-reactive protein (CRP) values are often in the range of 15-35 mg/L, and most patients with viral infections have CRP in the reference range. As the positive rate of CRP0 in bacterial infection is 100%, the CRP test is influenced by fewer factors and takes shorter time, which is more conducive to early diagnosis and treatment. Acute upper respiratory tract infection in pregnancy can monitor CRP, appropriate use of antibacterial drugs. Cough suppressant, expectorant drugs Upper respiratory tract infection, some patients cough, cough sputum. The use of cough suppressants containing codeine in early pregnancy can lead to inguinal hernia, heart defects and cleft lip and palate in infants. Some of the cold cough and heat Chinese patent medicines contain ephedra, ephedra pungent warm impede fetal qi, pregnant women need to be used with caution. The adverse effects of most proprietary Chinese medicines for pregnant women are not clear, and clinical application should be especially cautious. ④ Antipyretic and analgesic Generally, antipyretic drugs are not recommended for low fever to reduce the use of drugs. For high fever (≥38.5℃), according to the FDA classification of drugs used in pregnancy, ibuprofen (Class B), diclofenac (Class B), acetaminophen (Class B) can be used. However, the labeling for use by pregnant women varies from one drug company to another on their drug inserts. It lists ibuprofen as contraindicated in pregnancy and diclofenac sodium as not recommended. Therefore, there is still no uniform standard for the use of drugs in pregnancy. ⑤ Antiallergic drugs Considering the safety of the fetus, antihistamines are generally not used. However, some compound preparations of proprietary Chinese medicines contain antihistamines, and pregnant women need to pay attention to whether there are C drugs in the composition of the drugs, such as some heat-clearing and detoxifying Chinese medicines containing chlorpheniramine maleate. Loratadine, diclofenac tadine, ebastine, cetirizine, animal experiments have not been found to have adverse effects on the embryo, but the safety of drugs used in pregnancy has not yet been determined, pregnant women should be used with caution. Nutritional balance, enhance physical fitness, cold prevention During pregnancy, pregnant women must pay attention to the prevention of colds, nutritional balance, enhance physical fitness, usually through dietary regulation to play a preventive effect of colds. Dietary modification 1, often eat garlic can make the chance of colds. 2, yogurt contains probiotics, which can protect the intestinal tract and stop the production of disease-causing bacteria. In addition, some yogurt contains lactic acid bacteria can promote the growth of white blood cells in the blood. 3, the skin is also part of the body’s immune system, supplemental vitamin A can improve the skin’s resistance to bacteria, viruses and other violations of the barrier effect. The best way to supplement vitamin A is to get beta carotene from food, sweet potatoes are the fastest way to get this nutrient, it is rich in beta carotene and low calorie. 4, zinc is very important in the diet, can promote the growth of white blood cells, and thus help the body to prevent viruses, bacteria and other harmful substances. Beef is an important source of zinc supplementation, so in winter, appropriate supplementation of beef, both cold and flu prevention. 5, mushrooms are food to improve immunity. Eating mushrooms can promote the production of white blood cells. 6, selenium supplementation can increase the number of immunoglobulins, which in turn helps to clean up the flu virus in the body. Selenium is mainly derived from seafood foods such as oysters, lobsters, crabs and clams, which help boost the body’s immunity. 7, oats and barley contain beta glucan, a fiber that has antibacterial and antioxidant properties. Consumption of oats and barley can enhance immunity, accelerate wound healing, but also help antibiotics to play a better therapeutic effect.