I. What is a fatal placenta praevia? What are its hazards? How to diagnose? At present, more scholars suggest that those who have a history of previous cesarean delivery and the placenta is attached to the scar of atomic uterine incision in the current pregnancy are referred to as fatal placenta previa. In recent years, with the increase of cesarean section rate, the incidence of fatal placenta previa increases year by year, and fatal placenta previa is easy to combine with placental implantation, which further increases the risk of bleeding and the amount of bleeding, and is very likely to lead to uncontrollable hemorrhage during cesarean section, which greatly increases the rate of hysterectomy and even threatens the life of the mother. According to the literature, intraoperative bleeding exceeds 3000 ml in about 90% of patients with aggressive placenta praevia combined with placental implantation, and exceeds 10,000 ml in 10% of patients. therefore, how to effectively reduce the amount of bleeding is the fundamental purpose of treating aggressive placenta praevia combined with placental implantation. Currently, the preoperative diagnosis of placenta praevia combined with placental implantation mainly relies on color Doppler ultrasound and MRI, and the sensitivity of transabdominal color Doppler ultrasound for prenatal diagnosis of placenta praevia combined with placental implantation is 77.3% and the specificity is 98.4% . Color Doppler is highly reliable for the diagnosis of placenta praevia combined with placental implantation, but in some difficult cases the combination of MRI can improve the accuracy of the diagnosis. Given that some patients with placenta implantation are diagnosed during delivery or during cesarean section when the placenta is not successfully delivered, forced removal of the placenta is likely to cause uncontrolled hemorrhage or even hysterectomy. Therefore, in order to diagnose as accurately as possible before surgery and to make adequate preoperative preparations, an MRI is recommended for those whose ultrasound suggests a possible penetrating placenta implantation. II. What should I do if I have the disease? In view of the possibility of fatal hemorrhage and hysterectomy, which may even endanger the life of the mother, if you are unfortunate enough to have this disease, it is recommended that you must go to a large hospital with abundant blood supply, high technical level and advanced medical equipment for treatment. In the past, the effective way to deal with placental implantation was hysterectomy, which is a radical operation that reduces complications but loses fertility, and surgery that preserves the uterus is very likely to lead to hemorrhage and other serious complications. With the continuous development of interventional medicine, its application technology in obstetric hemostasis is also gradually mature. However, this method of pelvic vascular embolization is often a remedy after major bleeding has already occurred. In the past two years, our medical team has applied abdominal aortic balloon block to cesarean section, which has unique advantages over the aforementioned cesarean section with uterine artery embolization: the abdominal aortic balloon catheter is placed in the abdominal aorta before the cesarean section, and the balloon is immediately filled at the moment of delivery of the fetus during the cesarean section, which can achieve rapid hemostasis; whereas abdominal aortic balloon block only temporarily blocks the pelvic blood supply during the cesarean section, making it possible to stop the bleeding. The pelvic blood supply is only temporarily blocked during cesarean section, which makes the surgical field clear and facilitates intraoperative hemostasis and avoids the complications of pelvic vascular intervention embolization, and experienced surgeons can operate effectively to reduce the occurrence of complications. In conclusion, the surgical protocols for the treatment of fatal placenta praevia combined with placental implantation are constantly being improved. In recent years, the surgical protocols to preserve the uterus and reduce complications have been a hot issue for research, and with the development of interventional medicine, the application of interventional techniques in obstetric hemorrhage will become more and more advanced. Studies have shown that prepositioning of the abdominal active balloon catheter before cesarean section for aggressive placenta praevia combined with placental implantation and temporary intraoperative blockade of the abdominal aorta can effectively reduce bleeding and the associated complications caused by bleeding, and decrease the risk of hysterectomy.