Anti-sperm antibodies can cause infertility and usually turn negative in about six months after reasonable treatment. Anti-sperm antibodies are a complex pathological product, the formation mechanism of which is still unclear. They are mainly related to the immune response, and when there are factors such as trauma and infection that lead to the destruction of the physiological barrier of the reproductive tract, then sperm will enter the blood circulation through lymphocytes and produce anti-sperm antibodies. Anti-sperm antibodies can be present in blood, semen and female cervical mucus, interfering with sperm metabolism and energy acquisition, affecting fertilization, fertilized egg implantation and embryo development, and easily leading to miscarriage. With reasonable treatment, the anti-sperm antibodies can usually be turned negative in about six months. In addition, condoms should be used if the patient has sexual intercourse during treatment.