The trigeminal nerve is the nerve that controls the skin of the face, teeth and throat. Trigeminal neuralgia is a recurrent severe pain in the distribution area of the trigeminal nerve and is the most common of the neurological pain disorders, occurring mostly in middle-aged and elderly people, more in women than in men. Most patients suffer from frequent and severe pain attacks as their disease progresses, so they are in great pain and spend their days in fear of the next attack, and may even have thoughts of “living lightly”. At the beginning of the disease, many patients mistakenly think that it is toothache and go to the stomatology department first, and some patients even have their teeth extracted for this reason, but the pain still cannot be relieved until it seriously affects their normal life. Over the years, clinicians have explored a lot of trigeminal neuralgia, including closure, drugs, radiofrequency treatment, г-knife treatment, etc. However, they cannot remove the root cause of the disease, treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and are prone to recurrence. The current consensus on the etiology of primary trigeminal neuralgia is that the intracranial segment of the trigeminal nerve is compressed by abnormal blood vessels. Microvascular decompression can be performed with minimally invasive surgery to remove the root cause of the disease and achieve a cure. Traditional vascular decompression has a large incision, easy material slippage, and a high recurrence rate in the short postoperative period. The new method has the advantages of high efficacy, minimally invasive, and few complications.