Trigeminal neuralgia is a relatively common neurological disorder, which often cannot be cured because the cause of its onset is not clear. Trigeminal neuralgia is more common in middle-aged and elderly people, with a prevalence rate of 182/100,000, with more females than males and a male to female ratio of 2:3. People with chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis are more likely to suffer from trigeminal neuralgia. The age of onset of trigeminal neuralgia is wide, from 10 to 90 years old, and the incidence in children has increased recently. Primary trigeminal neuralgia mostly occurs in middle-aged and elderly people, with a prevalence rate of 182/100,000. 7/100,000, with 70% to 80% of cases occurring above 40 years of age and a peak age of 50 years. Secondary trigeminal neuralgia mostly occurs in middle-aged and young people, which is very rare clinically and has a low incidence. Generally speaking, there are more women than men with trigeminal neuralgia, with a male to female ratio of 2:3. This is mainly determined by the special physiological structure of women, who are prone to trigeminal neuralgia during some special periods of their lives. Meanwhile, people with chronic diseases such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and arteriosclerosis are more likely to suffer from trigeminal neuralgia. The onset of trigeminal neuralgia is proportional to age. As age increases, the curvature of blood vessels increases and the elasticity of blood vessels gradually decreases, while factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and atherosclerosis accelerate this progression. Atherosclerotic vessels or vascular collaterals observed clinically around the trigeminal nerve, sometimes with calcification on the vessel wall, are often the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. Many people cause trigeminal neuralgia because of improper diet. Eating too cold and too hot, or irritating food can also be the cause of trigeminal neuralgia. Dried cheese, pickled fish and salted vegetables contain more tyrosine, and ham contains nitrite, etc. These foods can cause cerebral vasodilation and irritate the nerves causing pain. Therefore, people with long-term improper diet are also at high risk of trigeminal neuralgia. In the early stage, drug treatment such as carbamazepine can be carried out, but long-term use of this drug gradually decreases the efficacy, the dose gradually increases, or even becomes ineffective, and side effects such as drowsiness, vertigo, liver function damage and leukopenia can occur. There are various methods of surgical treatment for trigeminal neuralgia. Some traditional destructive surgeries are less commonly used due to the high risk and recurrence rate, bringing about functional damage such as facial numbness and corneal ulceration. At present, for the etiology of vascular compression, the best internationally recognized treatment for patients who have failed drug treatment or have excessive drug side effects is trigeminal nerve microvascular decompression (MVD), which isolates the small blood vessels compressed in the root of the trigeminal nerve with isolated buffer under the microscope, and more than 98% of patients can completely disappear the pain after surgery, with few recurrences. Minimally invasive, with little bleeding, and generally without bringing about functional damage such as facial numbness and corneal ulcers, it has become the most prominent means of treating primary trigeminal neuralgia internationally. For trigeminal neuralgia that is ineffective after surgical treatment, elderly patients and patients with important organ functional impairment that cannot tolerate surgery, stereotactic radiosurgery can also be chosen. The above introduces the high prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia, and we hope it will be helpful to patients. In order to prevent the occurrence of trigeminal neuralgia, especially the middle-aged and elderly people should learn to live a healthy life, exercise more and strengthen the body resistance; often participate in various activities to enjoy the mood and nourish the nature; pay attention to a nutritious diet and avoid stimulating food.