The beginning of spring is alert to skin troubles “suddenly like a night spring breeze, a thousand trees and pear blossoms”, spring brings hope to everything, urging people to come out of their homes to appreciate the spring colors and enjoy the warm sun. At this time, the dry climate accelerates the evaporation of skin moisture, and due to the stimulation of sand, dust and pollen, allergic reactions are very likely to occur. Jiang Li, director of the Department of Dermatology and Cosmetic Dermatology at Beijing Zhongguancun Hospital, reminds everyone that as we enter spring, it is important to pay special attention to itchy skin and allergies, and it is especially important to defend the whiteness of the winter. A very important point of early spring skin care is to protect the skin barrier. As you enter spring, don’t change to a light lotion too soon because it’s hot. ”The northern early spring is warm and cold, especially when the wind blows, it is easy to dry the lotion, the skin is in a dry environment, when there is less water in the stratum corneum, the ability to resist various external stimuli will be reduced.” We recommend that you still need to use moisturizing creams at this time. After a full winter of cold, dry weather, some itchy patients do not get better in early spring, especially the elderly, who are more likely to develop it because of their diminished performance in secreting oils and other protective substances from their skin. To deal with spring itchy skin, do not scratch hard, the skin scratched will cause more damage, causing inflammation and ulceration of the skin. In daily life, clothing to choose a soft and loose texture of cotton fabrics to cut down on skin irritation. Too diligent bathing will only make sebum reduction more aggravated, stimulating the skin more itchy, not to use a strong bath or soap every day to scrub hard. When bathing, the water temperature is controlled at 24 ℃ to 29 ℃, the water temperature is too high, the skin surface capillary expansion, will also damage the skin. After the bath should often apply Vaseline and other moisturizing skin care products to lock the skin surface moisture to relieve dry itching, especially older friends and friends who need to work for a long time to stand more attention to moisturizing skin care. The main factors that trigger allergies in spring include pollen, dust mites and sunlight, with the first two being the main ones. Statistics show that there are more than 100 types of plants that cause pollen allergy. Spring allergies are mainly manifested by itching and rashes on exposed areas of the skin, including the face, V-shaped area of the neck and external auricles, often showing redness, flushing, flaking and, in severe cases, papules and even small blisters. ”Broadly speaking, all of these can be called spring dermatitis.” To be precise, most spring dermatitis is “seasonal contact dermatitis,” which disappears when the season is over or when the allergens are removed, and is often accompanied by atopic dermatitis or allergic rhinitis. In addition, there is another category called “facial reoccurrence dermatitis”. Some patients who visit the clinic in the spring have a series of dermatitis symptoms after a spring wind, when they have no pollen allergy and are using a certain brand of cosmetics that they have been using for a long time and are not allergic to. This may be due to the fact that after rubbing cosmetics, the wind blows, the skin is more likely to adhere to some pollen or dust mites, thus changing the PH value of the skin surface, which in turn produces an allergic reaction. For people who love makeup, it is recommended to use refreshing and mild cosmetics. To prevent spring pollen allergy, it is recommended that people with allergic qualities that develop every spring should pay attention to avoid contact with allergens. Whenever it is windy in spring, plants bloom and pollen is easily spread, you should go outdoors as little as possible or wear a mask outside. Close doors and windows when pollen is abundant. Dry your clothes inside the house as much as possible and not outside, otherwise your clothes, sheets and bed linen will be easily contaminated with pollen. At this time, you may want to replace contact lenses with frames with lenses, or bring sunglasses when you go out, which can reduce the chance of your eyes being affected. After the occurrence of skin allergies, pay attention to wash your face with warm water and apply cold compresses. Among them, the choice of cleanser is very important, should avoid using alkaline or even contains fruit acids, exfoliating ingredients of cleanser, can choose mild, less additives, simple ingredients of pharmaceutical products. In addition, allergies are also related to mental factors, it is important to maintain a healthy lifestyle, pay attention to relaxation, learn to reduce stress for themselves, proper rest, and appropriate supplementation of various vitamins. Avoid spicy and stimulating foods in your diet. About whitening The main factor that determines the darkening of the skin is melanin, which is synthesized by melanocytes in the epidermis, and UV radiation is the main factor that contributes to the increase of melanin. Paying attention to the following protective measures, together with the use of cosmetics containing vitamin C, arbutin, green tea, aloe vera, tretinoin, hydroquinone, vitamin E and other whitening ingredients, you can realize your desire to whiten your skin for a season. People usually think that sun protection is a summer thing, but in fact, sun protection should be a year-round job. Especially for those who already have pigmentation, you must pay attention to sun protection. As the main cause of tanning is the UVA in the ultraviolet rays, it is recommended that in the selection of sunscreen also pay attention to whether it is UVA (PA value) and UVB (SPF value), otherwise it will not be able to achieve the ideal sunscreen effect. In addition, the appropriate use of umbrellas, broad-brimmed hats and other shade sunlight can improve the efficiency of sun protection. External protection alone is not enough, the intake of certain foods and drugs can increase the body’s sensitivity to UVB, making us more susceptible to tanning and should be avoided with care. Spring is the season for eating wild vegetables, but gray vegetables are photosensitive, so if you don’t know how to identify them, you should never dig them up and eat them yourself. Other foods such as yellow mud snail, fennel, celery, etc. also have photosensitizing effects, and it is best not to eat the above-mentioned foods before outdoor activities. Drugs with photosensitizing effects: tetracyclines (such as memantine), sulfonamides (such as cotrimoxazole), anti-allergy drugs (such as fenugreek) and some women taking estrogen-containing birth control pills. If you have to take these medications, you must pay special attention to sun protection when you go out.