Current myopia prevention and treatment can be basically divided into two categories, namely non-surgical and surgical treatments. In the adolescent population, the main emphasis is on the important role of non-surgical treatment in myopia prevention and treatment. The so-called non-surgical treatments include frame glasses, contact lenses, medication and some eye exercises. Among them, glasses are still the main myopia correction measure, which can restore the patient’s regulation and concentration to normal, relieve eye fatigue, and help control myopia. In frame eyeglasses, a new gradient multifocal lens design has been developed for the treatment of myopia in adolescents, based on the important role of regulation in the occurrence of myopia. Among contact lenses, a new material of contact lenses (rigid oxygen permeable corneal contact lenses) has been found to inhibit or slow down the progression of myopia in children and is now being further promoted in the clinic. In addition, another type of contact lens is called keratoplasty, which is often referred to as OK lenses. It is a specially designed rigid lens that is designed to flatten the cornea by mechanical compression through the “reversal geometry” of the lens to correct myopia, and is also used to treat adolescent myopia.