Vitamin D deficiency rickets, commonly known as rickets, is a systemic chronic nutritional disease characterized by skeletal lesions due to disorders of calcium and phosphorus metabolism caused by vitamin D deficiency in children. Rickets is mainly due to insufficient vitamin D supplementation during the mother’s pregnancy, resulting in insufficient fetal stores to meet the needs of growth and development. Or not timely supplementation of vitamin D, too little sun exposure for infants and children, and if the infant suffers from hepatitis syndrome, chronic diarrhea and other diseases that lead to liver and kidney damage, can cause vitamin D hydroxylation disorders. Long-term use of anticonvulsant drugs such as sodium phenytoin and phenobarbital can also lead to insufficient vitamin D in children. Suffering from rickets is mainly concentrated in infants and children aged 3-18 months. Children usually present with symptoms such as excessive sweating, night terrors, and crying, and are accompanied by occipital baldness or ringworm hair loss. In addition, they often show cranial softening, cranial deformity, large fontanelle, late closure and late teething. The thorax is a chicken chest or funnel chest, the wrists and ankles are enlarged, and the lower limbs are deformed, with “O” or “X” shaped legs, and the spine is curved. Vitamin D deficiency rickets is a preventable disease, in addition to the mother to supplement the appropriate amount of vitamin D during pregnancy, the baby should also be born in the sun and eat more food rich in vitamin D, to avoid vitamin D deficiency to the baby’s body damage.