Uterine cesarean section scar pregnancy (CSP) is a special site of ectopic pregnancy, where a normal pregnancy should grow in the upper and middle part of the uterine cavity, whereas if the gestational sac grows to the previous lower uterine incision, it is called cesarean section scar pregnancy. With the gradual increase in the rate of cesarean section, coupled with the gradual liberalization of the two-child policy, the incidence of cesarean section pregnancies in China is also on the rise. According to the statistics of the United States, 1 in 2000 pregnancies occurs with cesarean scar pregnancy. Because the gestational sac of CSP grows in the uterus, but because it is deposited in the scar, it is not a normally located pregnancy. Most patients can be clarified by ultrasound in early pregnancy, at which point the question of embryo removal and retention is faced. Currently there are two types of pregnancy outcomes based on the general direction of embryonic growth, one in which the embryo grows into the uterine cavity, which often allows for continuation of the pregnancy but carries the risk of pregnancy complications such as placenta praevia, placental implantation, and other pregnancy complications in the middle and late trimesters. In the second case, the embryo grows toward the cesarean scar and erodes the muscle layer, which may lead to uterine rupture in mid- to late-trimester and penetrating placental implantation, triggering hemorrhage and endangering the patient’s life, and the continuation of the pregnancy in this case is not recommended. CSP patients should be treated as early as possible after a clear diagnosis, the earlier, the smaller the embryo, the less erosion of the uterine scar, the less damage. Therefore, early pregnancy is the prime time for management, and by mid-pregnancy the only option is often surgical resection, which is extremely risky. Our hospital categorizes patients with CSP, dividing them into low-risk, intermediate-risk, and high-risk groups by ultrasound profile. Patients with different levels of risk are treated differently. Low-risk patients can be treated with a simple hysterectomy, while medium- and high-risk patients can be safely treated with uterine artery embolization, which not only preserves the patient’s uterus, but also has less bleeding, is safe and reliable. Therefore, women with a history of cesarean section who are pregnant should undergo ultrasonography at 6-7 weeks to understand the relationship between the gestational sac and the cesarean section scar, and if CSP is detected it should be managed as early as possible in an effort to terminate the pregnancy safely and effectively with the most cost-effective means.