(Disclaimer: This article is for scientific purposes only. In order to protect the patient’s privacy, the relevant information in the following content has been processed.) Abstract: The subject of this case is a 65-year-old woman named Li, who had endometrial carcinoma and underwent pelvic surgery in an outside hospital 3 months ago. She came to our hospital after experiencing urinary leakage and progressive aggravation of the symptoms for 1 week after the surgery. After physical examination, past medical history, and cystoscopy, a clear diagnosis of vesicovaginal fistula was made. After timely vesicovaginal fistula repair, Li’s leakage disappeared, urination was normal, and the disease was cured. Basic information] Female, 65 years old [Type of disease] Vesicovaginal fistula [Hospital] Shijiazhuang People’s Hospital [Date of consultation] August 2021 [Treatment plan] Surgery (vesicovaginal fistula repair) + medication (cefmenoxime hydrochloride for injection) [Period of treatment] Hospitalization for 12 days, outpatient follow-up for 1 month [Result] Leakage disappeared, urination was normal, and she was cured. Auntie Li came to our urology outpatient clinic because of recent recurrent urinary leakage. She told us that she had undergone pelvic surgery in an outside hospital three months ago for endometrial cancer, and that she found her underwear flushed and leaking one week after the surgery, which did not bother her at first, but then the leakage worsened progressively, and she found the courage to come to our clinic after being communicated with, encouraged by, and advised by a gynecologist. After physical examination, past medical history and cystoscopy, a 1.5cm×1.0cm fistula was found on the posterior wall of Li’s bladder, which led to a clear diagnosis of vesicovaginal fistula. She was told that there are minimally invasive surgical treatments for vesicovaginal fistula, and the postoperative effect is better. In order to solve the unspeakable, she finally agreed to be admitted to the hospital for surgical treatment. Treatment Preoperatively, Li was given a urinary catheter to drain the urine, and after ruling out contraindications to surgery, she was immediately scheduled for surgery, during which the tissues around the fistula were adequately freed to ensure blood supply and tension-free suture, and laparoscopic vesicovaginal fistula repair was actively performed. Postoperatively, cefmenoxime hydrochloride was given as an intravenous infusion. Mrs. Li was advised to keep the surgical incision clean and dry to prevent infection at the incision. (Record of intraoperative cystoscopy) III. Treatment effect The postoperative urine leakage of Auntie Li was relieved, and the urinary catheter drainage was smooth. Two days after the operation, the urinary catheter was removed, and urination was normal, with slight frequency and urgency. She was hospitalized for 12 days, and after anti-inflammatory treatment, no incision infection occurred after the operation, and the review of imaging and cystoscopy indicated that the fistula had healed well. Urine routine, urological ultrasound and oncological markers were all in the normal range, and vaginal leakage disappeared, so she was discharged from the hospital for regular review. Auntie Li is now satisfied with the treatment results. Precautions We are glad that vesicovaginal fistula of Aunt Li can be effectively treated, and at the same time, we need to advise that after discharge, we should pay attention to maintain a good mood, combine work and rest, live a regular life, avoid strenuous activities in daily life, avoid lifting heavy objects. Diet, pay attention to strengthen nutrition, enhance physical fitness. At the same time, attention should also be paid to regular review, including gynecological oncological examination, there are uncomfortable symptoms need to go to the hospital in a timely manner to consult the doctor, to clarify the cause of the disease and then standardize the treatment. V. Personal insights Vesicovaginal fistula is usually seen in patients with a history of gynecological surgery or trauma, such as this case, Li Aunt vesicovaginal fistula occurred after pelvic surgical treatment, the need for timely and accurate repair of the injury site to prevent complications. In addition, for patients with a history of multiple surgeries, severe inflammatory adhesions, placenta implantation in the bladder, and vaginal hysterectomy, preoperative multidisciplinary consultation should be conducted to understand the presence of congenital anomalies and hydronephrosis by improving the urological ultrasound, MRU, CTU, and other imaging tests, and to formulate surgical plans and alternative substitutes.